This paper explores Time Dependent Optimization (Tdo) as a measure of adaptiveness in artificial systems. We first discuss this choice and review classical Tdo models to propose a canonic benchmark. Then, we underline the central role of diversity in adaptive dynamics for biological and cybernetic systems and illustrate by a state of the art of evolutionary Tdo (Etdo). A Simple Artificial Immun...

Like any other resources planning and management, groundwater management is performed in a stochastic environment in which the system itself involves a number of random elements. Consequences as a result of decisions made based on analyses are not certain. This paper presents a management model using the chance-constrained framework which explicitly considers the random nature of aquifer proper...

Mount Meru located in Northern Tanzania. Groundwater level monitoring is essential for uncovering the spatial-temporal variation of groundwater levels a studied aquifer, helping discussions on sustainable use and management resources. This study analyses spatial temporal variability shallow aquifer system flanks Meru. Time series analysis measurements obtained two hydrologic years: 2018–2019 20...

A new distance-drawdown method for aquifers with anisotropy on the horizontal plane is presented. The method uses scalar transformation to convert to an equivalent, isotropic medium, thus permitting application of the Cooper-Jacob Method. The method is applicable to cases where at least one ellipse of equal drawdown can be delineated but can also be applied where no ellipse can be discerned fro...

Hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity values for the confined sandy loam aquifer of the Montalto Uffugo (Italy) test field were obtained by laboratory and field measurements; the first ones were carried out on undisturbed soil samples and the others by slug and aquifer tests. A direct simple-scaling analysis was performed for the whole range of measurement and a comparison among the dif...

In China, for the limitation of land, many buildings intending to utilize ground source heat pump systems install “single-well” systems, which drill only one well for both the pumping and reinjection of the groundwater. A model of groundwater seepage and heat transfer for single-well ground source heat pump systems has been established and validated against the experiment conducted in Denmark. ...

Ground water samples (37 to 186 m depth) from Baldwin County, Alabama, are used to define the hydrogeology of Gulf coastal aquifers and calculate the subsurface discharge of nutrients to the Gulf of Mexico. The ground water flow and nitrate flux have been determined by linking ground water concentrations to 3H/3He and 4He age dates. The middle aquifer (A2) is an active flow system characterized...