Background: The developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) diseases where there is impairment related to both the underlying etiology independent of epileptiform activity encephalopathy. Many DEEs have a genetic basis that, by themselves, can alter neurodevelopmental delay. By August 2022, were 105 genes associated with DEE according OMIM.

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication and one of the most debilitating manifestations liver cirrhosis, which negatively impacts patient survival. This study aims to identify factors influencing treatment response in patients with cirrhosis HE.
 Method: was prospective observational conducted from July 2019 June 2020 tertiary referral center Nepal. The ethical...

Aluminum is present in very small amounts in living organisms but abundant in the environment. A growing literature links with the biochemistry of aluminum and also with a series of diseases in chronic renal failure patients on treatment with hemodialysis. The initial description of potential aluminum toxicity in renal failure patients relates to description of dialysis encephalopathy syndr...

Wernicke's encephalopathy is an acute neurolopsychiatric syndrome caused by thiamine deficiency, and classically presents with the triad of opthalmopathy, ataxia and altered mentality. Both prolonged total parenteral nutrition and reduced oral intake can induce Wernicke's encephalopathy during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although early treatment is important for recovery fro...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Current hepatic encephalopathy grading tools are limited because of complexity or subjectivity. The degree of constructional apraxia could serve as a simple, objective and reproducible tool to grade encephalopathy. STUDY DESIGN In this cross-sectional study of patients with chronic liver disease, the degree of constructional apraxia was judged by their ability to copy a sta...

Acute encephalopathy is classified into multiple syndromes, such as acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD), clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) and acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), characterized radiologically by lesions in the cerebral subcortical white matter, splenium of the corpus callosum and bil...