Although universities have expanded in size, it is unclear whether the poor have benefited. If there are high returns to college education, then increasing access of the poor to college has important welfare implications. The objective of this paper is to document the rates of enrollment into college of the poor and to identify the hurdles to doing so. Relying on several sets of data, including...

Informal sector lenders remain a strong presence in rural India in terms of providing credit facilities in rural India. Farmers and rural poor borrowings from Money lenders and other informal sources of rural credit still significant this sources some extent i.e. 77 percent to 32 percent. In this situation micro finance has emerged as an alternative source of rural credit, microfinance programm...

Australia's rural hospitals face most of the same issues and challenges faced by metropolitan hospitals. However they also face additional challenges around geographic isolation, their iconic status and role as major employers in local communities, and their close relationship with community based health services. Future opportunities include more formal integration with community service throu...

INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RURAL NONFARM ECONOMY Size Composition Equity impact DYNAMIC PATHWAYS OF RURAL NONFARM GROWTH Shifting motors of rural economic growth The “pull” scenario in dynamic agricultural regions The “push” scenario in stagnant agricultural zones Urbanization and migration Liberalization and globalization Summing up IMPLICATIONS FOR THE RURAL POOR Motivati...

It was a population based cross sectional study done with the objective of comparing some parameters (attitude & practice) of gender discrimination (GD) in rural and urban areas of Ahmedabad district. A population of 963 (446 urban & 517 rural) showed alarmingly adverse sex ratio (SR) as low as 562 among urban preschoolers. GD was prevalent in both study areas but manifested differently. Prefer...

Although preschool has been shown to improve children’s school readiness in many developing countries, preschool attendance in poor rural areas of China is still low. The high cost of preschool is often regarded as a major barrier to attendance. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of a one-year voucher/CCT intervention on preschool attendance and school readiness. To do so, we conducted a ran...

Introduction India is committed to achieve the Millennium Development Goals to control maternal mortality (MDG 5). Such commitment is concretised in the launching of the National Rural Health Mission, which aims at improving access to quality health care for poor women and children living in rural areas. Despite evidence on rapid urbanisation and the absence of any health safety net for the urb...

In a population-based study conducted in rural Ecuador, 635 stroke-free persons aged ≥40 years were interviewed with the Epworth sleepiness scale and screened to assess their cardiovascular health (CVH) status. Excessive daytime somnolence was present in 22% persons and a poor CVH status in 69%. In a generalized linear model after adjusting for age and sex, excessive daytime somnolence was not ...

This paper explores determinants of participation, intensity and the magnitude of the rural nonfarm economy (RNFE) in Tajikistan. Conducting analysis at the district level, in addition to traditional individual and household levels, helps to test the impact of institutional determinants of the RNFE invariant at the micro level. We have found that rural residents in Tajikistan are mostly pushed ...