BACKGROUND Renal replacement therapy (RRT) for acute renal failure (ARF) may be provided in many settings within the hospital. Such patients require a high level of care and often have a poor prognosis. No prospective studies have accurately defined this population, making the prediction of necessary resources and the planning of services difficult. AIM To ascertain the incidence, causes and ...

obtained 16–48 h after the discontinuation of RRT. The levels of serum osteopontin (sOPN), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-18, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or immunoturbidimetric assay. Patients were followed up for 90-day survival. Eleven (26.2%) patients died during follow-up. The mean levels of all biomarkers w...

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, important and associated with increased healthcare needs due to CKD progression. Definitions of renal disease progression are multiple, and not always comparable. A measure of 'progression' directly comparable with renal replacement therapy (RRT) initiation would identify 'progressors' in research and for healthcare planning. METHODS The Gram...

The preoperative impairment of renal function is associated with the need for postoperative renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients undergoing liver transplantation. The principal goal of this investigation was to identify other factors apparent before or during transplant that were independently associated with the need for RRT in the early posttransplant period. A total of 260 consecutive...

BACKGROUND The impact on the timing of renal replacement therapy (RRT) initiation on clinical outcomes for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) remains controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, MEDLINE, PubMed, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Web of Science. RESULTS We included 49 studies involving 9698 patients...

Recovery of kidney function following an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) is now acknowledged as a vital patient-centered outcome with clear health economic implications. In approximately 5-8% of critically ill patients with more severe forms of AKI, support with renal replacement therapy (RRT) is provided. Recent data have suggested that rates of RRT utilization in AKI are increasing. Desp...

Rapid response teams (RRT) emerged in 1990 with the goals of improving the identification of ward patients with clinical deterioration and offering, based on this identification, early intervention.(1-3) An RRT is activated according to previously defined triggers, traditionally vital signs, by themselves or as part of aggregated scores, other clinical changes, such as seizures, or even by a su...

Path planners based on basic rapidly-exploring random trees (RRTs) are quick and efficient, thus favourable for real-time robot path planning, but almost-surely suboptimal. In contrast, the optimal RRT (RRT*) converges to solution, may be expensive in practice. Recent work has focused accelerating RRT*'s convergence rate. The most successful strategies informed sampling, optimisation, a combina...

BACKGROUND Critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) are at high risk for death and frequently require initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). There is wide variation in clinical practice on the indications for and timing of initiation and discontinuation of RRT. Numerous clinical and biochemical factors (i.e. uremic, metabolic, fluid balance) have been used; however, at pre...