By the time it had reached its zenith during the second-century of the Common Era, the Roman Empire had developed into one of the greatest civilizations the ancient world had ever known. Cities scattered across an imperial region that stretched from the North Sea to the Red Sea had flourished under a well-ordered governing body housed in Rome. These regional centers stood unfortified in the cou...

My previous essay in this series' drew attention to three main areas of inquiry concerning church governance in the first-century church in Rome: (1) an ancient Roman political governance pattern which may have furnished a background for the type of ecclesiastical governance used in that first-century Christian community, (2) pertinent contemporary Christian documents, and (3) ancient non-conte...

This report describes the state of the research and practice in the areas of metadata management systems. Open source and industrial products are presented and compared. Thereout we identified functional and non-functional requirements relevant for the TEAM project. Project co-funded by the European Commission under the “Information Society Technology” Programme, Framework Programme 6. D5: Repo...

136 glasses from the ninth-century monastery of San Vincenzo and its workshops have been analysed by electron microprobe in order to situate the assemblage within the first millennium CE glass making tradition. The majority of the glass compositions can be paralleled by Roman glass from the first to third centuries, with very few samples consistent with later compositional groups. Colours for t...

le débat sur la traduction des noms propres est toujours ouvert. selon certains théoriciens ou traducteurs, les noms propres sont incontestablement intraduisibles, alors que comme la pratique de la traduction a prouvé le contraire, il y en a d’autres qui croient qu’elle est non seulement possible mais d’une grande nécessité. nous croyons qu’au-delà de la polémique et la pratique de la traduisib...

For a graph property P and a graph G, a subset S of the vertices of G is a P-set if the subgraph induced by S has the property P. A P-Roman dominating function on a graph G is a labeling f : V (G) → {0, 1, 2} such that every vertex with label 0 has a neighbor with label 2 and the set of all vertices with label 1 or 2 is a P-set. The P-Roman domination number γPR(G) of G is the minimum of Σv∈V (...

The Romans were perhaps the most impressive exponents of water resource management in preindustrial times with irrigation and virtual water trade facilitating unprecedented urbanization and socioeconomic stability for hundreds of years in a region of highly variable climate. To understand Roman water resource management in response to urbanization and climate variability, a Virtual Water Networ...

A geometrical analysis of the meander decorative patterns on a Roman pavement mosaic found at the Roman villa in Chedworth, England, is presented. The analysis reveals that the intricate swastika meander pattern consisting of four closed curves could have been easily constructed using a very simple hypothesized algorithm. The algorithm also explains the design of Roman swastika meanders found t...