The goal of the standards is to “address what a voting system should reliably do, not how system components should be configured to meet these requirement” [7, Vol I §1.1]. The standards present a certification procedure involving testing by Independent Testing Authorities (ITAs or, simply, Testing Authorities), and many jurisdictions cannot use systems that are uncertified. Virtually all vendo...

Rock climbing is an increasingly popular sport. Its standards of difficulty have undergone a revolution in the past ten years. Regular training is now almost mandatory for the aspiring climber, but little has been published about the patterns of soft tissue injury to which climbers are susceptible. This paper aims to identify some of the common injuries that may be encountered, some of which do...

Understanding how grain and powder lubrication affect rock friction and fracture dilation, and how microscopic fractures develop according to fault activation may directly improve our capabilities in exploration and stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs. Using a novel rotary shear testing apparatus specifically designed and assembled to conduct experiments inside an X-ray micro computed tomogra...

ABSTRACT: Rock support is the basis of any underground mine and many open cut operations. Ground support methods have evolved over the years with the current trend to use bolts, mesh and shotcrete. Thin spray-on liners may be the next step replacing mesh and shotcrete, however being a relatively new product is not well understood and no standard testing procedures exist to determine the strengt...