The conventional practice in open cut coal strip mining has been to blast the overburden or coal layers in separate blast events. This is done in order to maximise the benefits from throw blasting and also to limit coal losses. Each blast event usually has a particular design of hole diameters, burdens and spacings, explosive charges and blast timing in order to achieve the required blast outco...

The exploitation of geo-resources is dominantly done using drilling and blasting. breakage rock mass by blasting has many challenges. optimal in an underground development face/tunnel blast dependent on the relief area provided to holes. This paper discussed impact number diameter holes pattern rock. numerical simulation with varying numbers hole was carried out for this purpose. isosurface out...

The controlled presplitting blasting technique is widely used in mining engineering to improve the permeability and gas extraction efficiency of coal seams. One of the key factors is the appropriate arrangement of the blasting and drainage holes, which can help improve the gas drainage quantity. To optimize the drilling layout to enhance gas-drainage efficiency, a series of controlled presplitt...

PROBLEM Blasting is a hazardous component of surface mining. Serious injuries and fatalities result from improper judgment or practice during rock blasting. This paper describes several fatal injury case studies, analyzes causative factors, and emphasizes preventive measures. METHOD This study examines publications by MSHA, USGS, and other authors. The primary source of information was MSHA's...

Cement plants in the central Hudson River valley utilize limestones of the Helderbergian Series of the Lower Devonian. Chiefly calcilutites, calcarenites, and cherty calcisiltites, these rocks represent progressively deeper environments, from lagoonal to neritic, with scattered reef deposits. Stratigraphic continuity is marked, and a layer-bylayer analysis shows strikingly constant chemical com...

To monitor the underwater sound and pressure waves generated by anthropogenic activities such as underwater blasting and pile driving, an autonomous system was designed to record underwater acoustic signals. The underwater sound recording device (USR) allows for connections of two hydrophones or other dynamic pressure sensors, filters high frequency noise out of the collected signals, has a gai...

Abstract Blasting is widely employed as an accepted mechanism for rock breakage in mining and civil activities. As environmental side effect of blasting, flyrock should be investigated precisely open-pit operations. This paper proposes a novel integration artificial neural network fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) with Z -number reliability information to predict distance mine blasting. The developed m...

To understand the stability of coal and rock in areas normal faults disturbed by dynamic loads blasting, damage characteristics within a fault are investigated using similarity simulation tests. The mechanism for gas outbursts is analyzed theoretically, results indicate that maximum tensile stress vertical direction blasting hole normal-fault model 1.17 times no-fault model. propagation cracks ...