The specialty of radiation therapy has increased in complexity over the years, yet as technology improves, the goal of improving outcomes while decreasing toxicity remains critical. Malignant gliomas remain among the most devastating of all malignancies, yet as conventional treatments (surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy) have become optimized overall survival has improved. The underlying mole...

The specialty of radiation therapy has increased in complexity over the years, yet as technology improves, the goal of improving outcomes while decreasing toxicity remains critical. Malignant gliomas remain among the most devastating of all malignancies, yet as conventional treatments (surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy) have become optimized overall survival has improved. The underlying mole...

We propose an efficient mutual exclusion algorithm with respect to remote memory reference(RMR) complexity that measures remote accesses to shared memory. The worst-case RMR complexity for one access to a critical section with N processes has been proven to be θ(logN). Though our algorithm has the same worst case RMR complexity, the algorithm becomes efficient with increasing the number of proc...

This paper presents a reliable multipath routing (RMR) protocol to improve routing performance for ad hoc networks. The protocol uses a new loop-free route update scheme to accept backup paths that are longer-lived. Power information is also utilized so routing paths do not include nodes that are going to run out of battery. Furthermore, a dynamic route maintenance mechanism was developed to er...

Studies examining the effects of diet (D) and diet-plus-exercise (DE) programs on resting metabolic rate (RMR) report equivocal results. The purpose of this study was to use meta-analysis to determine if exercise prevents the decrease in RMR observed with dieting. Results from the 22 studies included in this analysis revealed that the majority of studies used female subjects ages 31-45 years, w...

Harmful parasite infestation can cause energetically costly behavioural and immunological responses, with the potential to reduce host fitness and survival. It has been hypothesized that the energetic costs of infection cause resting metabolic rate (RMR) to increase. Furthermore, under terminal investment theory, individuals exposed to pathogens should allocate resources to current reproduction...

BACKGROUND While it is known that dietary supplements containing a combination of thermogenic ingredients can increase resting metabolic rate (RMR), the magnitude can vary based on the active ingredient and/or combination of active ingredients. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a commercially available thermogenic fat loss supplement on RMR and hemodynamic variables in hea...

Individual differences in the energy cost of self-maintenance (resting metabolic rate, RMR) are substantial and the focus of an emerging research area. These differences may influence fitness because self-maintenance is considered as a life-history component along with growth and reproduction. In this review, we ask why do some individuals have two to three times the 'maintenance costs' of cons...

BACKGROUND The aging process occurs at variable rates both among and within species and may be related to the variability in oxygen consumption and free radical production impacting oxidative stress. The current study was designed to test whether nonagenarians have a relatively low metabolic rate and whether it is associated with low levels of oxidative stress relative to age. METHODS Resting...

The social Natal mole-rat Cryptomys hottentotus natalensis has a mean (± S.D.) resting metabolic rate (RMR) when newly captured of 1.03 ± 0.25 cm^ O2 g~^ (n = 7) at an ambient temperature (Ta) of 30 °C, within the thermoneutral zone (TNZ) of 30-31.5 °C. Two months after maintenance in the laboratory at 26 °C, the RMR of the same animals showed a concomitant drop in value of 20 % at 30 °C (TNZ) ...