Buffalofishes (Genus Ictiobus) are large, robust-bodied suckers adapted to large rivers and lakes of North America. Currently recognized species are readily diagnosed by morphological characters, and the group is known from fossils dating back to the Miocene. However, sympatrically occurring species in the Mississippi River Basin are known to hybridize in nature and in the laboratory. Here we d...

[1] Data from tomographic surveys make an inverse problem better posed in comparison to the data from a single excitation source. A tomographic survey provides different coverages and perspectives of subsurface heterogeneity: nonfully redundant information of the subsurface. Fusion of these pieces of information expands and enhances the capability of a conventional survey, provides cross valida...

Total suspended sediments and the total dissolved solids (TDS) from three river gaging stations, near Delaware Water Gap, Riegelsville and Trenton on the Delaware River measured by the USGS were used to estimate the physical erosion, chemical weathering and total denudation rates of the Delaware River Basin. The denudation rates are 28 and 128 tons/km 2 /yr for the upper stream and downstream s...

The opinions and interpretations expressed within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Mekong River Commission. 4 FOREWORD The Lower Mekong Basin, covering major areas of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam, is a region of dynamic change and growth. Reports in the Mekong Development Series closely examine aspects of change and development in the river basin ...

The Mara River Basin in East Africa is a trans-boundary basin of international significance experiencing excessive levels of sediment loads. Sediment levels in this river are extremely high (turbidities as high as 6,000 NTU) and appear to be increasing over time. Large wildlife populations, unregulated livestock grazing, and agricultural land conversion are all potential factors increasing sedi...

the little zab river in northwestern iran rises from the mountains piranshehr and flows from the northwest to the southeast direction to join iraq from alan passage. the river basin contains a large number of ancient settlements, and its lower area that is close to the zab river has been the most interesting place for people in the neolithic age. an increasing population during chalcolithic age...

This paper investigates whether remote sensing evapotranspiration estimates can be integrated by means of data assimilation into a distributed hydrological model for improving the predictions of spatial water distribution over a large river basin with an area of 317,800 km2. A series of available MODIS satellite images over the Haihe River basin in China are used for the year 2005. Evapotranspi...

[1] We present estimates of nitrogen (N) inputs to the Changjiang River basin for the period 1968–1997. The total N input is approximately 7.8 10 kg in 1997, which is a threefold increase over 1968 levels. N fixation was often a dominant input before 1978, providing about 2.2 10 kg year , while N fertilizer dominated N input after 1983, supplying an additional input of some 4.4 10 kg year . Mor...

[1] We explore pan-Arctic climate connectivity by examining historical time series of satellite-based measurements of Eurasian snow cover extent and of observed Canadian snow water equivalent (SWE) and freshwater discharge, with a focus on the Churchill River Basin of Labrador and the Chesterfield Inlet Basin of Nunavut. Analysis of the data reveals statistically significant positive (negative)...