Treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) (defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, two core first-line drugs for TB treatment) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB (defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of the injectable drugs amikacin, capreomycin or kanamycin) are a challenge for both clinicians and pu...

Increase in multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a great cause of concern and rifampicin resistance is considered to be a good predictor of MDR-TB in many parts of the world. Its rapid detection will allow alteration in treatment regimens in time to reduce the spread of the disease. Detection of rifampicin resistance by phage assay is a useful tool as mycobacteriophages are s...

introduction klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most important gram-negative bacteria causing hospital-acquired infections. case presentation in this report is presented a patient with an abdominal infection caused by carbapenemase producing-klebsiella pneumonia (k. pneumonia). in spite of administrating the combination therapy, successive resistance to last-resort antimicrobial agents (colist...

The aim of this study to study the drug resistance patterns of dapsone (pre- and post-MDT) and rifampicin (post-MDT era). All the 84 patients from pre-MDT period (1985-1990) and 77 patients for post-MDT period (1990-2002) reporting to a tertiary care hospital-NJIL & OMD, Agra and referred for drug susceptibility testing were included in the study. Drug resistance was studied by mouse foot pad m...

OBJECTIVES To assess the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis in biofilms. METHODS E. faecalis isolates were from infections of prosthetic hip and knee joints. Minimal biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) for ampicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, ciprofloxacin and rifampicin, alone and in combinations, were determined. E. faecalis biofilms in microtitre plate wells o...

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at a tuberculosis center, Yangon, Myanmar from October 2003 to July 2004 to analyze the drug susceptibility of new sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. A total of 202 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were tested for resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, rifampicin and ethambutol. Resistance to at least one anti-tuberculos...

We set out to determine the levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to first- and second-line TB drugs in an urban population in Zambia. Sputum samples were collected consecutively from all smear-positive, new and previously treated patients, from four diagnostic centres in Ndola between January and July 2006. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using the proportion method against...

BACKGROUND Introduction of Xpert® MTB/RIF assay has revolutionalised the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) by simultaneously detecting the bacteria and resistance to rifampicin (rif), a surrogate marker for multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) as well as one of the principal first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. In general, rpoB mutations can be found in 96.1% of rif-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis...

Rifampicin, an antibiotic widely used in tuberculosis therapy, is known to exert psychotropic side effects in some patients. Recently, rifampicin has been reported to activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in human hepatocytes. Because there is evidence that increased levels of glucocorticoids may induce cognitive impairment, sometimes culminating in depression, the side effects of rifampici...

Ninety-seven cultures of Myco, tuberculosis referred to the Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Cardiff during 1972-73 and found to be resistant to rifampicin or ethambutol were studied. Resistance to each drug appeared equally common. Few lower grades of rifampicin resistance occurred, cultures tending to be either fully sensitive or highly resistant. Intermediate grades of ethambutol resistanc...