Underwater light is a highly dynamic resource for phytoplankton. Fluctuating influences photosynthesis, respiration, biosynthesis, and growth at different timescales, but the interplay of these processes not well-understood. Subsamples phytoplankton community from turbid, well-mixed lake TaiHu (China) were either vertically moved through mixing depths or incubated fixed matching daily supply. G...

A system is presented for long-term monitoring of respiration and pulse. It comprises four non-contact sensors based on magnetic eddy current induction that are textile-integrated into a shirt. The sensors are technically characterized by laboratory experiments that investigate the sensitivity and measuring depth, as well as the mutual interaction between adjacent pairs of sensors. The ability ...

Building largely on the results of previous studies of motor control in respiration the role of proprioceptive control of respiratory movements is discussed with particular reference to the significance of the following points: (i) The co-activation of fusimotor and alpha motoneurons in load compensation and in the control of velocity and force of the respiratory movements. (ii) The convergence...

Measurements of mitochondrial respiration in intact cells can help define metabolism and its dysregulation in fields such as cancer, metabolic disease, immunology, and neurodegeneration. Although cells can be offered various substrates in the assay medium, many cell types can oxidize stored pools of energy substrates. A general bioenergetic profile can therefore be obtained using intact cells, ...

Abnormalities in glucose metabolism are thought to be among the main causes of cataract formation. The authors have made noninvasive biochemical measurements of the lens that provide information concerning glucose metabolism in the lens epithelium. The autofluorescence of reduced pyridine nucleotides (PN) and oxidized flavoproteins (Fp) within the rabbit lens were noninvasively measured as a fu...

Soil respiration (Rs) consists of autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration, the metabolic responses Ra Rh are supposedly affected by environmental factors. Our hypothesis was that contribution would be seasons. To characterize seasonal patterns Rs, sap flow (as an indicator photosynthetic activity), factors, we continuously measured temporal variation in Rs using automated opening cl...

Different methods have been developed for mineral exploration so far, amongst which biological-based methods known as geomicrobiological studies are of the most recent ones. Geomicrobiology as an interdisciplinary approach has achieved great progresses during the past two decades and involves the study of microbes in a number of fundamental geological processes, both in the past and present. Th...

Here we present first observations, from instrumentation installed on moorings and a float, of unexpectedly low (< 2 μmolkg) oxygen environments in the open waters of the tropical North Atlantic, a region where oxygen concentration does normally not fall much below 40 μmolkg. The low-oxygen zones are created at shallow depth, just below the mixed layer, in the euphotic zone of cyclonic eddies a...