Spider mites, a cosmopolitan pest of agricultural and landscape plants, thrive under hot and dry conditions, which could become more frequent and extreme due to climate change. Recent work has shown that neonicotinoids, a widely used class of systemic insecticides that have come under scrutiny for non-target effects, can elevate spider mite populations. Both water-stress and neonicotinoids inde...

The two-spotted spider mite (Tetranyus urticae Koch) is a polyphagic pest of various crops. consequence its feeding on sugar beet leaves the disturbance photosynthesis and, as result, inhibition plant growth and development decrease in content roots. In climatic conditions Poland, number generations growing season may be from 4 to 6. aim field research was at assessing degree threat plantations...

the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) is one of the most important agricultural pests of the world. it causes direct and indirect damage on plants which decreases in photosynthesis and crop yield. the effect of sublethal concentrations of artemisia annua l. (asteraceae) and rosmarinus officinalis l. (lamiaceae) essential oils were assessed on development a...

Genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exist in large numbers per cell but can be selected very rapidly as a result of unequal partitioning of mtDNA between germ cells during embryogenesis. However, empirical studies of this "bottlenecking" effect are rare because of the apparent scarcity of heteroplasmic individuals possessing more than one mtDNA haplotype. Here, we report an example of in...

There are several types of spider mites, some which specialized to feed on certain crops, and they a major nuisance in agriculture. Predatory insects such as golden-eyes, semi-hardwings, cockroaches, predatory can successfully reduce the number mites. The type crop particular mite species have an impact how successful these predators are. Spider mites frequently encountered agricultural pest, t...

BACKGROUND Prenatal or embryonic learning, behavioral change following experience made prior to birth, may have significant consequences for postnatal foraging behavior in a wide variety of animals, including mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and molluscs. However, prenatal learning has not been previously shown in arthropods such as insects, spiders and mites. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS ...