Often our goal is not to prevent information flowing ‘down’ a hierarchy but to prevent it flowing ‘across’ between departments. Relevant applications range from healthcare to national intelligence, and include most applications where the privacy of individual customers’, citizens’ or patients’ data is at stake. They account for a significant proportion of information processing systems but thei...

This paper argues that powerful impetus exists for the realisation of a global multilateral electronic market infrastructure, as envisaged by the ebXML endeavour. Crucial in this regard is the problem of interoperability: making it possible for disparate systems to interact fluently. An obvious panacea would be to use a pre-specified set of protocols comprised of selected globally-accessible op...

Abstract This article compares two central pillars of China’s space programme and observes that Chinese diplomacy is not uniform regarding international scientific co-operation either in its approaches or results. In the case Space Station programme, China National Administration went through existing United Nations (UN) channels successfully attracted partners. However, International Lunar Res...

In general, negotiations within a group of participants are processes, that starting with participants in some arbitrary (initial) states eventually will achieve an agreement with all participants being in the required negotiated states. Process of negotiation is performed according to a negotiation protocol. Here, an ordering of participants is taken as the negotiation goal; constructing a neg...

We study dynamic multilateral markets, in which players’ payoffs result from coalitional bargaining. In this setting, we establish payoff uniqueness of the stationary equilibria when players exhibit some degree of impatience. We focus on market games with different player types, and derive under mild conditions an explicit formula for each type’s equilibrium payoff as market frictions vanish. T...

Incentives created through contracts can be used as a means of decentralized control in healthcare systems to ensure more efficient healthcare. In this paper, we consider an insurer contracting with a consumer and a provider. We focus on the trade-off between ex ante moral hazard and insurance, and consider both consumer and provider incentives in the insurer's contracting problem in the presen...

the use of multilateral well is becoming an emerging method to improve oil recovery efficiently and to drain reservoirs more efficacious. by developing drilling technology, completing the oil wells as multilateral wells become more interesting especially from economic point of view. on the other hand, lack of any means for forecasting the performance of this type of wells causes drilling of the...

In the economic model that underlies the WTO the only group that can be expected to ask for protection is producers in importing countries. The existing multilateral trade architecture reflects that assumption. Much of the recent criticism of the multilateral trade regime has arisen as a result of new groups explicitly asking domestic politicians for protection. As these groups were not expecte...