The surgical management of pediatric stone disease has evolved significantly over the last three decades. Prior to the introduction of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) in the 1980s, open lithotomy was the lone therapy for children with upper tract calculi. Since then, SWL has been the procedure of choice in most pediatric centers for children with large renal calculi. While other therapies such as p...

PCNL has remained standard procedure for renal calculi patients. Over the years, improvements in techniques, instruments and better understanding of anatomy has led diminished complications rate. However significant complications still occurs. Here we tried to determine the effects of percutaneous access point, number and location on success as well as complication rates during PCNL. This was a...

PURPOSE To correlate the presence of secondary signs of non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) in renal units harboring ureteral calculi with intraoperative findings and treatment outcome after holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Ho:YAG) ureterolithotripsy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Two-hundred patients were prospectively included after ureteral calculi were detected on NECT. All patients unde...

To cite: Ratkal V, Chawla A, Mishra DK, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2014-208701 DESCRIPTION Renal replacement lipomatosis (RRL) of the kidney, also known as replacement fibrolipomatosis, is an advanced form of renal sinus lipomatosis that usually occurs unilaterally. Infection, long-term hydronephrosis and calculi are associated with se...

This report firstly describes an extremely rare case of repetitive double J stent calculi formation after renal transplantation caused by the antihyperparathyroidism (HPT) drug calcitriol. In 2012, a woman initially presented to our hospital for anuria with lower abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with allograft hydronephrosis and double J stents obstruction by calculi formation after transplant...

RATIONALE Spontaneous renal rupture is rupture of the renal parenchyma, collecting system, or renal blood vessel, which often occurs in pathological kidney and is clinically less common. Postoperative long-term renal rupture is rarely reported in flexible ureteroscopy treatment of calculus in the upper urinary tract. PATIENT CONCERNS A 58-year-old man complained of right lower abdominal pain ...