following the idea of $l$-fuzzy neighborhood system as introduced byfu-gui shi, and its generalization to $(l,m)$-fuzzy neighborhood system, the relationship between  $(l,m)$-fuzzy topology and $(l,m)$-fuzzy neighborhood system will be further studied. as an application of the obtained results, we will describe the initial structures of $(l,m)$-fuzzy neighborhood subspaces and $(l,m)$-fuzzy top...

Traditional image change detection based on a non-subsampled contourlet transform always ignores the neighborhood information's relationship to the non-subsampled contourlet coefficients, and the detection results are susceptible to noise interference. To address these disadvantages, we propose a denoising method based on the non-subsampled contourlet transform domain that uses the Hidden Marko...

Establishing structural and functional relationship between sequences in the presence of only the primary sequence information is a key task in biological sequence analysis. This ability is critical for tasks such as inferring the superfamily membership of unannotated proteins (remote homology detection) when no secondary or tertiary structure is available. Recent methods such as profile kernel...

regarding iranian old cities, neighborhood has been a real place to live, a space for social interaction as well as economic activities. the concept of neighborhood has always been accompanied with senses of well-being, security and identity. in parallel with urban developments and changing lifestyles, neighborhoods have also faced the significant changes. in tehran as the capital, the changes ...

background: the purpose of this study is to determine association between personal, family, neighborhood, and social network characteristics and perceived intimacy in the neighborhood by the women. methods: in this cross‑sectional study, we applied a two‑stage sampling method to choose a representative sample of 150 married women and housewives, aged 15 to 49 years, who had education between si...

BACKGROUND Vehicle traffic is the major source of noise in urban environments, which in turn has multiple impacts on health. In this paper we investigate the spatial distribution of community noise exposures and annoyance. Traffic data from the City of San Francisco were used to model noise exposure by neighborhood and road type. Remote sensing data were used in the model to estimate neighborho...

Whatever the phylogenetic method, genetic sequences are often described as strings of characters, thus molecular sequences can be viewed as elements of a multi-dimensional space. As a consequence, studying motion in this space (ie, the evolutionary process) must deal with the amazing features of high-dimensional spaces like concentration of measured phenomenon.TO STUDY HOW THESE FEATURES MIGHT ...

Main methods, algorithms and applications of the Variable Neighborhood Search metaheuristic are surveyed, in view of a chapter of the Encyclopedia of Optimization.

The composition of a landscape is a fundamental indicator in land-cover pattern assessments. The objective of this paper was to evaluate a landscape composition indicator called 'landscape mosaic' as a framework for interpreting land-cover dynamics over a 9-year period in a 360,000 km2 study area in the southern United States. The indicator classified a land parcel into one of 19 possible lands...

A Voronoi neighborhood-based search heuristic for distance/capacity constrained very large vehicle routing problems Zhixiang Fang a , Wei Tu a , Qingquan Li a b , Shih-Lung Shaw a c , Shunqing Chen d & Bi Yu Chen b a State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR, China b Engineering Research Center for Spatio-Temporal Data...