Water is a nearly miraculous molecule that enters into the operation of the climate system in a remarkable variety of ways. A wide-ranging overview can be found in Pierrehumbert (2002). In the present chapter, we will be concerned only with the radia-tive effects of atmospheric water vapor on climate, and with the kinematics of how the water vapor distribution is maintained. These effects are i...

In this study, a CMOS compatible capacitive humidity sensor structure was designed and fabricated on a 200 mm CMOS BEOL Line. A top Al interconnect layer was used as an electrode with a comb/serpent structure, and graphene oxide (GO) was used as sensing material. XRD analysis was done which shows that GO sensing material has a strong and sharp (002) peak at about 10.278°, whereas graphite has (...

realistic prediction of concrete shrinkage and creep requires the calculation of the distributions of relative humidity at various times. although the distributions of the relative humidity can be computed by numerical methods from the differential equation for diffusion, simple prediction formulas can facilitate structural analysis. the purpose of this paper is to present a simple formula for ...

present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different osmotic potentials (0.0 mpa, -0.4 mpa, -0.8 mpa and -1.2mpa) induced by nacl and polyethylene glycol-6000(peg) as salinity and drought stress respectively on germination and early growth of two inbred lines of maize (mo17 and b73). the objective was to compare the germination ability between tow maize inbred lines in salt and d...

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The sensitivity of free-tropospheric relative humidity to cloud microphysics and dynamics is explored using a simple 2-D humidity model and various configurations of the NCAR CAM3 Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM). In one configuration the imposed surface temperatures and radiative perturbations effectively eliminated the Hadley and Walker circulations and the main westerly jet, crea...

The effect of accelerated aging (AA) was studied in Basil (Ociumum basilicm L.) seeds. The objective of this research was to evaluate Effect of seed ageing on germination of Basil Seeds in Roodan University in year 2012. experiment was CRD design with 3 replicate. The seeds were artificially aged at 45°C and 100% relative humidity for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Results indicated germination perc...

A review of the health effects of relative humidity in indoor environments suggests that relative humidity can affect the incidence of respiratory infections and allergies. Experimental studies on airborne-transmitted infectious bacteria and viruses have shown that the survival or infectivity of these organisms is minimized by exposure to relative humidities between 40 and 70%. Nine epidemiolog...

The photocycle of the blue-light photoreceptor protein Photoactive Yellow Protein (PYP) was studied at reduced relative humidity (RH). Photocycle kinetics and spectra were measured in thin films of PYP in which the relative humidity was set at values between 29 and 98% RH with saturated solutions of various salts. We show that in this range, approximately 200 water molecules per PYP molecule ar...