INTRODUCTION Diarrhea contributed for 17.6% of under-five deaths in Botswana. Oral rehydration salt (ORS) therapy has been the cornerstone in the control of morbidity and mortality secondary to diarrheal diseases. The study was aimed at assessing the household availability of ORS following the nationwide campaign of availing ORS at household level. METHODS A cross sectional community based st...

This paper examined care-seeking behaviour and its associated risk factors when a family member had diarrhoea. Data was obtained from a survey conducted in Chikwawa, a district in Southern Malawi. Chikwawa is faced with a number of environmental and socioeconomic problems and currently diarrhoea morbidity in the district is estimated at 24.4%, statistically higher than the national average of 1...

The activities of glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2), glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9), and glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) were found to increase during slow drying or during rehydration following rapid drying of the drought-tolerant moss Tortula ruralis. Little change was observed in the activity of malate deydrogenase (NAD(+) oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37) during dehydration or sub...

in this research, rehydration behavior of dried figs was studied at different temperatures (25, 60, 70, 80, and 90°c). the rehydration kinetic was examined using the four most frequently used empirical models, namely, weibull, peleg, first-order, and exponential association models. the weibull model gave the highest coefficient of determination (r2) and the lowest values of root mean square err...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether adding L-alanine to the glucose based oral rehydration solution recommended by the World Health Organisation would improve its efficacy in treating acute diarrhoea. DESIGN Randomised double blind controlled trial of oral rehydration solution containing L-alanine and glucose. SETTING Inpatient service of a hospital treating diarrhoea. PATIENTS 97 Male patient...

Rehydration strategies in children with severe acute malnutrition Background: (SAM) and severe dehydration are extremely cautious. The World Health Organization (WHO) SAM guidelines advise strongly against intravenous fluids unless the child is shocked or severely dehydrated and unable to tolerate oral fluids. Otherwise, guidelines recommend oral or nasogastric rehydration using low sodium oral...

By direct observation of individual organisms in a micro-culture chamber and by viable plate counts, a study has been made of the function of sugar/colloid mixtures in promoting the survival of Gram-negative bacteria on drying. The high death rate after drying in sugar alone was due mainly to cell-wall damage caused during rehydration by the temporary osmotic pressure set up by the sugar within...

Objectives. The aim of the study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of the probiotics-Saccharomyces boulardii and Bifidobacterium lactis-in children who had been diagnosed with rotavirus gastroenteritis. Materials and methods. Seventy five patients aged between 5 months-5 years diagnosed as rotavirus gastroenteritis were included in the study. The patients diagnosed as rotavirus gastroent...

BACKGROUND Comfort may be an appropriate goal in advanced dementia. Longitudinal studies on physician decision-making and discomfort assessed by direct observation are rare, and intravenous rehydration therapy is controversial. METHODS To assess treatment decisions and discomfort in patients with advanced dementia and pneumonia and to compare by intravenous rehydration therapy, we used data f...

Rehydration strategies in children with severe acute malnutrition Background: (SAM) and severe dehydration are extremely cautious. The World Health Organization (WHO) SAM guidelines advise strongly against intravenous fluids unless the child is shocked or severely dehydrated and unable to tolerate oral fluids. Otherwise, guidelines recommend oral or nasogastric rehydration using low sodium oral...