In North America and Europe, land-use decisions that affect wildlife habitat often are made at the local government level. atural resource conservation agencies have little regulatory authority to influence these decisions, but frequently are asked o provide scientific support because local jurisdictions do not have staff with the necessary background in wildlife ecology. ome of this scientific...

Professor Richard Merrill contends that the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act does not grant the FDA regulatory authority over cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products. The fact that Congress did not expressly deny the FDA regulatory authority over tobacco cannot, Professor Merrill argues, be used to infer such authority. This inference is particularly inappropriate in the case of tobacco...

This paper is a study of the Pensions and Insurance Authority (PIA), its regulatory framework, mission, activities achievement in Zambia. institution today vital pillar to country’s economy and prospects that this presents for Authority are extensive not only in development industry but also maintaining robust framework.

State officials responsible for the regulation of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) operations used in the production of oil and gas resources will inevitably confront a key policy issue; that is, to what extent can statewide regulations be developed without reducing land use autonomy typically exercised by local officials? Most state regulators have historically recognized the economic importanc...

Motivated by important international differences in the design of ”say on pay” (SoP), this paper studies how its enforceability and its timing affects compensation decisions of the board of directors (BoD) and the level of board dependence. The analysis suggests that SoP design can have significant economic consequences that should be considered by regulatory authorities. In the context of a th...

The US Pharmacopeial Convention published the USP <797> Guidebook to Pharmaceutical Compounding— Sterile Preparations in 2008. This publication, which is based on the USP Revised General Chapter <797>, sets practice standards to help ensure that compounded sterile preparations are of high quality. Although these guidelines have not yet been enforced by the Quebec regulatory authority, they will...

OBJECTIVE To examine the inappropriate use of antimicrobials by investigating (1) actual utilization pattern and retail sales and (2) antimicrobial resistant information provided by health professionals in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. METHODS We investigated antimicrobial use in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia by surveying 619 consenting customers who attended 250 randomly chosen pharmacies in December 2006....

Nurse practitioners have become an increasingly important part of the US medical workforce as they have gained greater practice authority through state-level regulatory changes. This study investigates one labor market impact of this large change in nurse practitioner regulation. Using data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses and a dataset of state-level nurse practitioner pres...