BACKGROUND The publicly financed health service in Sweden has come under increasing pressure, forcing policy makers to consider restrictions. OBJECTIVE To describe different perceptions of rationing, in particular, what citizens themselves believe influences their acceptance of having to stand aside for others in a public health service. DESIGN Qualitative interviews, analysed by phenomenog...

Non-repudiation is a security service that provides cryptographic evidence to support the settlement of disputes in electronic commerce. In commercial transactions, an intermediary (or agent) might be involved to help transacting parties to conduct their business. Nevertheless, such an intermediary may not be fully trusted. In this paper, we propose agent-mediated non-repudiation protocols, and...

Recently, Park and Lee [6] proposed the nominative proxy signature scheme for mobile communication. In [6], they argued that their scheme satisfies the following security requirements: user anonymity, authentication and non-repudiation. However, in this paper, we show that their scheme does not satisfy the non-repudiation among their security requirements. And then we propose a new nominative p...

In recent years,massivelymultiplayer online games (MMOGs) have become very popular by providing more entertainment and sociability than single-player games. In order to prevent cheaters to gain unfair advantages in peer-to-peer (P2P)-based MMOGs, several cheat-proof schemes have been proposed by using digital signatures. However, digital signatures generally require large amount of computations...

We introduce verifiable agreement as a fundamental service for securing mobile peer-to-peer ad hoc networks, and investigate its solvability. Verifiability of a protocol result means that the participants can prove that the protocol reached a particular result to any third party (the verifier) which was not present in the network at the time of the protocol execution.

We define a probabilistic model for the analysis of a Non-Repudiation protocol that guarantees fairness, without resorting to a trusted third party, by means of a probabilistic algorithm. By using the PRISM model checker, we estimate the probability for a malicious user to break the non-repudiation property, depending on various parameters of the protocol.

commerce, is still at the start. In this paper, we propose an extension of existing mobile payment models to introduce an extended mobile payment service (EMPS) model, which is based on assumptions about the cooperation between mobile network operators and financial institutions to deal with different payment amounts ranging from micro to macro payment. The novel model focuses on enhancement of...