BACKGROUND To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of visual impairment associated with refractive error and the unmet need for spectacles in a special suburban senior population in Baoshan District of Shanghai, one of several rural areas undergoing a transition from rural to urban area, where data of visual impairment are limited. METHODS The study was a population based survey of 454...

The relationship between accommodative lag and annual myopia progression was investigated using linear models in 592 myopic children wearing a full refractive correction in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Ethnicity and Refractive Error (CLEERE) Study. The mean (± SD) age and spherical equivalent refractive error at baseline were 10.4 ± 1.8 years and -2.13 ± 1.24 D, respectively. Th...

purpose: to assess the efficacy and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) for correction of residual myopia and astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty (pk). methods: in this prospective interventional case series, lasik was performed on 14 eyes of 13 patients unable to wear glasses or contact lenses after pk. the interval between lasik and pk was at least one year. all patients had...

PURPOSE To describe the patterns of spectacle use in a population-based sample of Australian Year 1 school children (mostly aged 6 years). METHODS Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity was measured in both eyes before and after pinhole correction, and using spectacles if worn. Cycloplegic autorefraction (cyclopentolate) and detailed dilated fundus examination wer...

PURPOSE To compare refractive outcomes and higher order aberrations of eyes that underwent LASIK for myopia with astigmatism with or without active cyclotorsion error correction. METHODS This was a contralateral eye study of 48 eyes of 24 patients who underwent LASIK using the NIDEK Advanced Vision Excimer laser platform (NAVEX), treating one eye with active cyclotorsion error correction (TEC...

purpose: to determine the screening prevalence of amblyopia, refractive errors and strabismus among 7 to 12 year-old primary school children, tehran, iran, in 2013. methods: this population based cross sectional study was performed on randomly selected 2410 students from 40 primary schools. visual acuity was measured using yang vision tester snellen e-optotype. if visual acuity was ≤20/40, the ...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of different levels of refractive blur on real-world driving performance measured under day and nighttime conditions. METHODS Participants included 12 visually normal, young adults (mean age = 25.8 ± 5.2 years) who drove an instrumented research vehicle around a 4 km closed road circuit with three different levels of binocular spherical refractive blur (+0.50...