In this review the potential application of near-infrared spectroscopy for the in vitro and in vivo characterization of skin is presented. The near-infrared attenuated reflectance spectroscopy allows the determination of the overall skin water content as well as of the various components constituting the skin, i.e., stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis. This technique provides the possibility ...

The present review highlights the recent applications of mid-infrared spectroscopy and in particular of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRIFT) and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) and processing methods (e.g., deconvolution, derivative and chemometrics) to rapidly provide valuable information on soil composition and organic geochemistry. Research has demonstrated that both DRIFT and ATR tec...

Introduction Accurate, rapid and non-invasive detection and diagnosis of malignant disease in tissues is an important goal of biomedical research. Optical methods, such as diffuse reflectance, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, have all been investigated as ways to attain this goal. Diffuse reflectance utilizes the absorption and scattering properties of tissues, particularly fr...

Gallium phosphide~001! surfaces have been prepared by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy, and characterized in situ by low-energy electron diffraction, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and reflectance difference spectroscopy. Three stable phases were observed: (231), (131), and (2 34) with phosphorus coverages of 1.00, 0.67, and 0.13 ML, respectively. Reflectance difference spectra obtained at c...

Clinical applicability of spectroscopy combined with bruise modeling may be improved if bruises on the same anatomical position have similar values of model parameters. We first investigate if a group of bruises located on the medial arm and measured once, at variable ages of presentation, show similar spectroscopic properties as a single bruise measured in time. Second, we investigate if spect...

K. Fleischer, ∗ R. Verre, 2 O. Mauit, R. G. S. Sofin, L. Farrell, C. Byrne, C. M. Smith, J. F. McGilp, and I. V. Shvets. 1 School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland Departmen...

OBJECTIVES Our laboratory seeks to develop minimally invasive cost-effective methods to improve screening and detection of curable precursors to cervical cancer. Previously, we have presented pilot studies that assess the diagnostic power of auto-fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. In the present study, we evaluate diffuse reflectance spectra from a comprehensive 850 patient clin...

Chemical assessments of forage clearly determine the forage quality; however, traditional methods of analysis are somehow time consuming, costly, and technically demanding. Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) has been reported as a method for evaluating chemical composition of agriculture products, food, and forage and has several advantages over chemical analyses such as conducting c...