Shearography is a coherent optical technique that allows the identification of first derivative deformation in shearing direction. Due to direct measuring strain information, shearography suited for non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE). However, if there small defect parallel direction, direction has no noticeable change, not visible. Therefore, development system with dual-directio...

Abstract This study investigates the effects of particle convexity, sphericity and aspect ratio (AR) on behaviour sheared granular materials using two-dimensional discrete element method simulations. Isotropic, dense loose assemblies with different shapes were prepared subjected to drained shearing via biaxial compression until critical state was reached. Macroscopic characteristics such as str...

The fidelity of cell culture simulations of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that yield tolerance and mechanistic information relies on both the cellular models and mechanical insult parameters. We have designed and characterized an electro-mechanical cell shearing device in order to produce a controlled high strain rate injury (up to 0.50 strain, 30 s(-1) strain rate) that deforms three-dimensiona...

A network of gravitational wave detectors is called redundant if, given the direction to a source, the strain induced by a gravitational wave in one or more of the detectors can be fully expressed in terms of the strain induced in others in the network. Because gravitational waves have only two polarizations, any network of three or more differently oriented interferometers with similar observi...

This article reviews shearography and its applications in nondestructive testing. Shearography is a laser-based technique for full-field and non-contacting measurement of surface deformation (displacement or strains). Despite being a relative young technique, it has already received considerable industrial acceptance, in particular, for nondestructive testing. One major difference of shearograp...

Shearing stress of wheat stalk was measured for four moisture content levels (15, 25, 35 and 45%, w.b.), three cutting heights (100, 200 and 300 mm), two types of cutting knives, smooth and serrated edge and three blades oblique angle (0, 15 and 30 deg.). The results of data analysis showed that the shearing stress of wheat stems decreased as the moisture content decreased. The shearing force o...

Imaging of meniscal tissue reveals an extracellular matrix comprised of collagen fibrils arranged in circumferential bundles and radially aligned tie fibers, implicating structural material anisotropy. Biochemical analyses demonstrate regional disparities of proteoglycan content throughout the meniscal body, a constituent known to affect the shearing response of fibrocartilagenous tissue. Despi...

Mid-pregnancy shearing has been promoted in New Zealand as a technique to improve both lamb birthweights and survival. In the literature mid-pregnancy shearing has resulted in an increase lamb birthweight. However, the results have been inconsistent in magnitude and birthrank specificity. Additionally the mechanism responsible for the birthweight response has not been identified. The objectives...