An efficient synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives was reported via four-component coupling reactions of aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl ketones (dimedone or 1,3-cyclohexanedione), ethyl acetoacetate or methyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate in the presence of a catalytic amount of nanocrystalline TiO2 under solvent free conditions. The reported method is mild, rapid and has the advantages su...

Molybdate sulfuric acid (MSA) has been prepared and used as catalyst for the Biginelli synthesis of some quinazolinones/thiones under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst loading is low and it shows recyclability. This method has advantages such as avoidance of the organic solvents, high yield of pure products, short reaction times and operational simplicity.

This review is focused on the strategies and designs of magnetic nanostructured catalysts showing the enhanced and sustainable catalytic performances for the heterogeneous reduction of nitoaromatics. Magnetic catalysts have the benefits of easy recovery and reuse after the completion of the reactions and green chemical processes. Magnetic separation, among the various procedures for removing ca...

Decision-making methodologies for evaluating a product’s end-of-life options have become a significant area of research. Extensive work has been carried out in the area of product recovery, e.g. module-based disassemblability, reverse logistics, remanufacturing, material recyclability, among others. Some of these methods use graphical representations in the form of disassembly trees and/or netw...

The present major concern on sustainable development is at the beginning of a growing interest on product recyclability. More and more strict norms and regulations will be prescribed to companies in order to increase the level of recyclability of industrial products. Usually described in natural language, these norms can be difficult to interpret for the product designer. There will also be an ...

In a dynamic general equilibrium model we explictly consider the relationship between the product attributes ’durability’ and ’recyclability’. Both efficiency and sustainability aspects are taken into account. It turns out (a) that durability may be inefficient even in a perfectly competitive economy in which environmental externalities are absent, (b) that in case where markets for product des...

Recyclable concrete pavement was made from fly ash and crushed limestone sand and gravel as aggregates so that the concrete pavement could be recycled to raw materials for cement production. With the aim to use as much fly ash as possible for the sustainable development of society, while achieving adequate strength development, pavement concrete having a cement-replacement ratio of 40% by mass ...

The present major concern on sustainable development is at the beginning of a growing interest on product recyclability. More and more strict norms and regulations will be prescribed to companies in order to increase the level of recyclability of industrial products. Usually described in natural language, these norms can be difficult to interpret for the product designer. There will also be an ...

Owing to their unique structural and surface properties, mesoporous microspheres are widely applied in the catalytic field. Generally, increasing the surface area of the specific active phase of the catalyst is a good method, which can achieve a higher catalytic activity through the fabrication of the corresponding catalytic microspheres with the smaller size and hollow structure. However, one ...