In a previous study, we showed that coagulase positive staphylococci, which are often used as indicators for Staphylococcus aureus, are frequently found on pig carcasses. Further characterization of the strains identified only a minor part as S. aureus. Selected non-S. aureus strains were all identified as Staphylococcus hyicus, However, two studies described in this species strains that produc...

To eliminate the consequences of accidental spill phenol, results neutralization soils contaminated with phenol are presented. As for analysis by geological-lithological section it was found that in areas contamination soil has a surface soil-plant layer thickness about 0.5m, then there is heavy clay up to 7.0 m and finally sand saturated groundwater observed. It revealed according physical mec...

BACKGROUND The first instance of Legionella infection in a Norwegian hospital was confirmed in 2005. We describe the best-known methods of eradicating Legionella in hospitals. MATERIALS AND METHOD The article is based on the authors' experience of measures to prevent Legionnaires' disease in hospitals and on a non-systematic search in PubMed. RESULTS There are several methods of combating L...

A 100-sow farrow-to-feeder farm with an outdoor gestation lot had a 4-year history of ring-like skin lesions in lactating sows. On average, 90% of sows in each 5-week batch developed lesions within a week of entering the farrowing house. Lesions beginning as 2to 3-cm circles of dark, crusty skin coalesced into larger areas on the back, sides, and ventral abdomen. No etiologic agent was identifi...

Safety in the food industry is gaining more and more importance every passing day. In recent years, several outbreaks of Salmonella have occurred in chocolate products. Traceability and HACCP system are important instruments for the food safety management. Traceability is useful to properly and efficiently handle a recall, but by itself it has no effects on the safety of the production. The HAC...

The goal of this general article is to present a survey of the current knowledge about the clinical approach of restoring endodontically treated teeth. The best way to restore teeth after root canal treatment has long been and still is a controversial subject of debate to this day. The clinical approach of restoring endodontically treated teeth needs taking into consideration several issues: ai...

Hospital floors become contaminated by settlement of airborne bacteria, by contact with shoes, trolley wheels, and other solid objects, and occasionally by the spilling of urine, pus, sputum, and other fluids. Pathogens commonly present on the floor include Staphylococcus aureus dispersed by patients and staff, and (in much smaller numbers) Gram-negative rods, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sp...

Drinking water is a major source of microbial pathogens in developing regions, although poor sanitation and food sources are integral to enteric pathogen exposure. Gastrointestinal disease outcomes are also more severe, due to under-nutrition and lack of intervention strategies in these regions. Poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene account for some 1.7 million deaths a year world-wide (3....

Protective clothing is required in the food-processing industry, to protect workers from contamination by bacteria, fungi, viruses, prions etc. contained in the secretions and raw meat of slaughtered animals, and to protect the meat from being contaminated by microorganisms carried by the workers. It is well-understood that textiles are a control point (CP), and must be appropriately cleaned an...