BACKGROUND Male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is being explored for HIV prevention in Papua New Guinea (PNG). PNG has a concentrated HIV epidemic which is largely heterosexually transmitted. There are a diverse range of male circumcision and penile modification practices across PNG. Exploring the implications of male circu...

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective. </strong>To describe the relations between liking visual representations of male same-sex romance and gender young female fans BL. <strong>Background. </strong>Nowadays there is a globally spread interest in manga among teenagers. Manga has vast diversity styles, genres, followers. Nevertheless, some heterosexual g...

This paper argues that Internet-based instruction should not be only perceived as a cognitive tool or a metacognitive tool; rather, it can be perceived and used as an epistemological tool. When the Internet is used as an epistemological tool for instruction, learners are encouraged to evaluate the merits of information and knowledge acquired from Internet-based environments, and to explore the ...

The COVID-19 pandemic and its medical, social economic impacts presented profound challenges to business, government, society. It also presents management scholars with an opportunity rethink some of our core assumptions directions research. In response, in the Summer 2020, capacity as co- General Editors Journal Management Studies, one foremost academic journals organization studies, we commis...

We are grateful to the authors of six expert commentaries for their thoughtful responses our article and editor George Wright, opportunity respond. It is particularly gratifying have such valuable from scholars practitioners whose work we admire. At time writing original article, world was fully in grip uncertainties a global pandemic. As write this rejoinder there land war Europe. Putin, arche...

After reporting current research about the extent of e-commerce adoption by small Australian businesses, this study documents the progress and outcomes of four small regional organisations as they seek the opportunities promised by e-commerce. Each of the four cases presents a different focus and mix of web-based applications. The common factor which contributes to their success is that the ado...

Computer assisted cartography and geographical information systems (GIS) are developed in the general frame of information society based on knowledge. The study of new mapping and GIS tools in the large field of geomatics disciplines is now a necessity. These systems use computer networks and the more complex “.net” software. More and more economic and social fields benefit of introduction of s...

Object oriented approaches (OO) may be placed within functionalism. It is argued why we should not use OO for analysing human worlds. OBJECTs are neither presentations of humans nor equal to humans as the literature often likes to suggest. 1 The ontological structure of the OBJECT world The OBJECT is the basic unit in a description of an OBJECT world, which functions as a script for an 'interac...

Arguably, the most profound issue in designing and governing cyberspace focuses on intellectual property. Is cyberspace to be created as a commons -a space belonging to and used freely by the community as a whole -or, is it to be partitioned into a multitude of proprietary closed boxes that are owned and sold, distributed, modified, and used only according to the owner’s whims? This paper will ...