Developing new methodologies to produce clean and renewable energy resources is pivotal for carbon-neutral initiatives. Hydrogen (H2) considered as an ideal resource due its nontoxic, pollution-free, high utilization rate, calorific combustion value. Electrolysis of water driven by the electricity generated from sources (e.g., solar energy, wind energy) hydrogen attracts great efforts productio...

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the efficiency-determining half-reaction process of high-demand, electricity-driven water splitting due to its sluggish four-electron transfer reaction. Tremendous effects on developing OER catalysts with high activity and strong acid-tolerance at oxidation potentials have been made for proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis (PEMWE), w...