Introduction: Here we present an analysis of sulphate minerals from the Triassic coastline of the South West UK, utilising an Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction (ED-XRD) instrument in a novel backreflection geometry that enables analysis of unprepared rock samples. Sulphate minerals are of particular interest in planetary science as they are a product of an aqueous altered environment. This st...

The first laboratory synthesis of hard materials such as diamond proceeded to attack of developing materials with high hardness to compete diamond. Boron rich solids are good candidates owing to their short interatomic bond lengths and strong covalent character. Boron containing hard material was synthesized by modifiedmicrowave method under nitrogen atmosphere by using a fuel (glycine or urea)...

In-rich second phases were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in In 0.27 Ga 0.73 N multiple quantum well (MQW) samples that were annealed at 950°C for 40 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements showed a shift in the zero-order diffraction peak toward GaN, consistent with the formation of an In-poor phase remaining in the InGaN wells. Voids were also found by TEM in the MQWs afte...

Nanocomposite materials of the Au nanoparticles (Au/PDDA-G) and the bimetallic PtAu nanoparticles on poly-(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-modified graphene sheets (PtAu/PDDA-G) were prepared with hydrothermal method at 90 °C for 24 h. The composite materials Au/PDDA-G and PtAu/PDDA-G were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron...

Solar energy is the most “available”, ecological and clean energy. This energy can be used in active or passive mode. The active mode implies the transformation of solar energy into a useful energy. The solar energy can be transformed into thermal energy, using solar collectors. In these collectors, the active and the most important element is the absorber, material which performs the absorptio...

The present study mainly focuses of combined action of Nepali hog plum as well as citrate synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Amikacin, as an antibiotic. The synergistic actions of citrate stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs with chem) were compared with that of Nepali hog plum Choerospondia saxillaris (Lapsi) synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs with plant), together with action...

Cesium molybdates with general formula CsM(MoO4)2, where M = Bi, Dy, Pr, Er, exhibit rich polymorphism, and crystallize in a layered structure. These properties cause intensive studies on cesium molybdates. CsBi(MoO4)2 was synthesized by microwave method by using cerium sulphate, bismuth oxide and molybdenum (VI) oxide in an appropriate molar ratio. Characterizations were done by x-ray diffract...

Epitaxial multilayers and superlattice (SL) structures are gaining increasing importance as they offer the opportunity to create artificial crystals with new functionalities. These crystals deviate from the parent bulk compounds not only in terms of the lattice constants but also in the symmetry classification, which renders calculation of their X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns tedious. Neverth...

Within the past decade Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) has experienced wide acceptance in metallurgical and geological labs. It is a Kikuchi diffraction device based on the SEM that enables individual grain orientations, local texture, point-to-point orientation correlations, and phases to be determined routinely at a sub-grain size level on the surfaces of bulk polycrystals while explo...