Canadian law, and the physician's code of ethics, requires that informed consent be obtained before any medical act is performed. However, there are no rules about how consent is to be obtained and by whom, and how that consent is to be documented.In April 2008, we asked the heads of all Canadian radiation oncology departments to tell us whether their centre uses a written consent form for exte...

background: this prospective study was conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacies of nasopharyngoscopy and ct scan in the diagnosis of local failure of external beam radiotherapy (ebrt) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. methods: total 52 patients of histopathologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with external beam radiotherapy (ebrt), were included in this study. for every patien...

Introduction: A dosimetric audit is a quality assurance process (QA) that allows the accuracy of dosimetric and geometric precision to accurately control the delivery of doses. They can be used to evaluate the accuracy of radiation delivery at different radiotherapy centers. Differences in prescriptive doses, depending on the severity of the differences, have potential conseque...

Carbon ion radiotherapy at HIMAC started in 1994 using two horizontal and two vertical beam ports with broad beam method. The maximum beam energy extracted from accelerators was 400 MeV/n for the horizontal beam port, and 350 MeV/n for the vertical one. In recent years, the scope of diseases that can be treated by the carbon ion radiotherapy has widened and their tumor targets have varied in di...

Secondary beam course and its irradiation system have been constructed in HIMAC. In this system, positron emitter beam can be used to measure the irradiated volume with PET. As an irradiation method to use beam efficiently, the spot scanning irradiation was adopted. With this spot scanning system, irradiation test has been done with C beam. In this paper, the current status of the beam control ...

Two-photon-exciter fluorescence (2PEF) imaging and second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has become well-established techniques for biomedical imaging [1]. Integration of fibers into the multiphoton microscopy system further enables in vivo and noninvasive investigation of biological samples. Nonetheless the broadening of ultrashort pulses in fibers has greatly hampered the development of...

Radiation therapy is one of the established modes of cancer treatment. For the safe and effective radiation therapy, it is necessary to plan and deliver the radiation beam accurately. Radiotherapy Simulator helps in identifying the organs at risk and in localising the cancer-affected tissues. For teletherapy, the Simulator would also help in choosing the right radiation beam and aiming it at th...