OBJECTIVES Previous research on the association between adjustment latitude (defined as the opportunity to adjust work efforts in case of illness) and sickness absence and sickness presence has produced inconsistent results. In particular, low adjustment latitude has been identified as both a risk factor and a deterrent of sick leave. The present study uses an alternative analytical strategy wi...

background: little attention has been given to the relationship between work-life balance and sickness absence. objective: to investigate the association between poor work-life balance and sickness absence in 4 nordic welfare states. methods: multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on pooled cross-sectional data of workers aged 15–65 years from denmark, finland, sweden, and nor...

Purpose: To study the specific content (per 1 g of tissue) reduced glutathione and activity enzyme antioxidant protection peroxidase conjugated with it in various structural functional parts rat brain when exposed to ionizing radiation at a dose 6 Gy. Material methods: The studies were carried out on white outbred rats subjected single total γ-radiation an average lethal determined irradiated a...

BACKGROUND Mental disorders are common diagnostic causes for longer sickness absence and disability retirement in OECD-countries. Short sickness absence spells are also common, and neither trivial for health and work ability. We studied how prior short sickness absence spells and days are associated with subsequent longer sickness absence due to mental disorders in two age-groups of municipal e...

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are highly susceptible to ionizing radiation-mediated death via induction of ROS, DNA double-strand breaks, and apoptotic pathways. The development of therapeutics capable of mitigating ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity could benefit both victims of acute radiation sickness and patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. Unfortunately,...

AIM To assess radioprotective activity of astaxanthin toward radiation-induced in vitro cytogenetic effects in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). MATERIALS AND METHODS PBL from the cleanup workers exposed to ionizing radiation at high doses in 1986 during accident on Chornobyl nuclear power plant and who were diagnosed with acute radiation sickness of the first and second degrees, were...

This study investigated the protective effect of two nitric oxide synthase inhibitors N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 mg/kg i.p.) and aminoguanidine (AG, 400 mg/kg i.p.), and an antioxidant acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC, 250 mg/kg i.p., once daily for five days) against radiation-induced damage in Wistar rats. Blood samples were collected 6 h after whole-body irradiation with 8 Gy...

AIM To compare levels of self-efficacy among the general working population and employees with sickness absence from work, and to examine if general self-efficacy measured before occurrence of sickness absence predicted subsequent onset of sickness absence and Return-to-Work. METHODS The study follows a cohort of 5357 working employees and 106 long-term sickness absent employees in Denmark. T...

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE INSTITUTE OF SOUND AND VIBRATION RESEARCH Doctor of Philosophy VISUAL ACUITY, EYE MOVEMENTS, THE ILLUSION OF MOTION AND MOTION SICKNESS WITH OPTOKINETIC STIMULI by Nicholas Andrew Webb Motion sickness and the illusion of self-motion (vection) can be induced by the use of an optokinetic drum (a black and white striped cylinder which rotates around a sea...

BACKGROUND Workplace stressors, such as bullying, are strongly related to subsequent long-term sickness absence, but little is known of the possible physiological mechanisms linking workplace stressors and sickness absence. The primary aim of this study was to investigate to what extent cortisol levels were associated with subsequent sickness absence and if cortisol mediated the association bet...