BACKGROUND Coronary collaterals are an alternative source of blood supply to myocardium jeopardized by ischaemia. Well-developed coronary collateral arteries in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) mitigate myocardial infarcts and improve survival. METHODS AND RESULTS Collateral arteries preventing myocardial ischaemia during brief vascular occlusion are present in 1/3 of patients with...

Now that systemic-pulmonary collateral arteries are used for unifocalization in patients with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect, the question arises whether morphologic criteria of these collateral arteries could help to provide better results. In an attempt to classify the morphologic features of systemic-pulmonary collateral arteries, we studied 31 heart-lung autopsy specimens w...

Therapeutic stimulation of collateral artery growth is a promising approach for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, translation into clinical practice yet remains cumbersome. Cardiovascular physiology and anatomy are major determinants of vascular growth processes. Hence, large-animal models are needed to improve clinical translatability of preclinical research. Furthermore, ac...

background: radial movement of the arterial wall is a well-known indicator of the mechanical properties of arteries in arterial disease examinations. in the present study, two different motion estimation methods, based on the block-matching and maximum-gradient algorithms, were examined to extract the radial displacement of the carotid artery wall. methods: each program was separately implement...

BACKGROUND Coronary collateral flow is an alternative source of myocardial perfusion in patients with totally occluded coronary arteries. Clinical evaluation of collateral flow has been limited by the need of invasive measurements. We investigated whether noninvasive coronary computed tomographic angiography can evaluate the angiographic extent of coronary collateral flow. METHODS AND RESULTS...

INTRODUCTION The axillary artery presents abnormalities in its origin and course and a variable branching. CASE DESCRIPTION A rare case of axillary artery bifurcation and branching was observed in a 60-years-old European male cadaver of Greek origin. The right axillary artery at the second part was bifurcated into a superficial and a deep brachial artery. The superficial brachial artery anter...

OBJECTIVE Preoperative measurements of collateral blood flow in patients with triple vessel disease and chronic occlusions of the right coronary artery do not, currently, ascertain the need to revascularise an occluded right coronary artery. We performed direct measurements of flow across left coronary bypass grafts to determine their contributions to collateral blood flow. METHODS Collateral...

We report a case of a patient in whom collateral flow originating from the left anterior descending coronary artery was initially associated with a right coronary artery stenosis; seven months after successful angioplasty of the right coronary artery lesion, a severe left anterior descending stenosis developed and induced reversed collateral flow from the right coronary artery through the same ...

There is a tremendous body of data concerning the coronary collateral circulation in both experimental animals and humans. The functional importance of a well-developed coronary collateral circulation has now been documented. The paradigm regarding the principal stimulus for coronary collateral growth has shifted from myocardial ischemia to increased shear stress at the site of pre-existing col...

&HEEL, KONRAD Mr., MANUEL BANET, COBERN OTT, AND PATRICK H. LEHAN. A quantitative approach to collateral and antegrade flows after coronary occlusion. Am. J. Physiol. 222(3): 687-694. 1972.-In an isolated dog heart preparation, the circumflex, anterior descending, and right coronary arteries were simultaneously perfused and blood flow was monitored by electromagnetic flow probes. The retrograde...