Gillnets are a widely used fishing gear in Kenya’s artisanal fisheries, yet their mesh sizes inadequately monitored or regulated. This study evaluated the impacts of gillnets seven stretched-mesh sizes, through comparative analysis species-related metrics and catch per unit effort (CPUE), to inform small-scale fisheries regulations. Data were collected from June 2014 May 2015. Three mesh-size g...

Reciprocity is frequently assumed to require complex cognitive abilities. Therefore, it has been argued that reciprocity may be restricted to animals that can meet these demands. Here, we provide evidence for the potential presence of direct reciprocity in teleost fishes. We demonstrate that in pairs of coral reef rabbitfishes (f. Siganidae), one fish frequently assumes an upright vigilance pos...