Most models of regional agglomeration are based on the NEG (New Economic Geography) model in which returns to scale are pecuniary. We investigate the implications for regional agglomeration of a "Marshallian" model in which returns to scale derive from technological externalities. Workers are assumed to have heterogeneous "home region" preferences. The model is designed to explain how "second n...

This paper constructs a theoretical model, in which transportation costs between two locations depend on cumulative infrastructure investment and governments allocate infrastructure spending over continuous space, thereby affecting the geographical pattern of transportation costs. Modelling international trade, we assume that governments set their infrastructure investment schedules in a non-co...

This paper analyzes the effect of inter-jurisdictional spillovers and congestion of local public services on the segregative properties of endogenous formation of jurisdictions. Households choosing to live at the same place form a jurisdiction, the aim of which is to produce congested local public services, resulting in generate positive spillovers to other jurisdictions. In every jurisdiction,...

The complete error-in-variables-model (EVM) framework, consisting of both design of experiments and parameter estimation stages, is applied to the terpolymerization of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS, M1), acrylamide (AAm, M2) and acrylic acid (AAc, M3). This water-soluble terpolymer has potential for applications in enhanced oil recovery, but the associated terpolymerization k...

Intranuclear cascade calculations and fluid dynamical predictions of the kinetic energy flow are compared for collisions of 4 0 ~ a + 4 0 ~ a and 2 3 8 ~ + 2 3 8 ~ . The aspect ratio, R13, as obtained from the global analysis, is independent of the bombarding energy for the intranuclear cascade model. Fluid dynamics, on the other hand, predicts a dramatic increase of R l j at medium energies Ei...

The global welfare implications of home market effects in trade models with imperfect competition are little understood. This paper proposes a simple model in which such implications can be easily analyzed. It shows an overall tendency of imperfectly competitive sectors to inefficiently cluster in locations that offer market access advantages. The more so the stronger the market power of firms ...

Central place theory is a key building block of economic geography and an empirically plausible description of city systems. This paper provides a rationale for central place theory via a dynamic programming formulation of the social planner’s problem of city hierarchy. We show that there must be one and only one immediate smaller city between two neighboring larger-sized cities in any optimal ...

We develop a discrete or finite household model with congestable local public goods where the level of provision, the number of facilities and their locations are all endogenously determined in a purely normative context. We prove the existence of an equal-treatment identical-provision second best optimum, where all households are required to reach the same utility level, the provision of local...

The U.S. population has been migrating to places with high perceived quality of life. With homothetic preferences, such migration can follow from the increased demand for amenities that accompanies broad-based technological progress. Under the baseline calibration of a general equilibrium model, a place with amenities for which individuals would initially pay five percent of their income grows ...

Three minor ginsenosides, namely, ginsenoside Rh6 (1), vina-ginsenoside R4 (2) and vina-ginsenoside R13 (3), were isolated from the leaves of hydroponic Panax ginseng. The chemical structures were determined based on spectroscopic methods, including fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy (FAB-MS), 1D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 2D-NMR, and, infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The melanogenic inh...