An equivalence relation E on a standard Borel space is hyperfinite if E is the increasing union of countably many Borel equivalence relations En where all En-equivalence classs are finite. In this article we establish the following theorem: if a countable abelian group acts on a standard Borel space in a Borel manner then the orbit equivalence relation is hyperfinite. The proof uses constructio...

Developing varieties with diverse features that satisfy varied commercial needs, improving overall fruit quality, and quickly releasing them, are prerequisites in citrus breeding. However, these three goals require trade-offs conventional breeding, even the application of marker-assisted selection technique. Conventional breeding cannot achieve simultaneously it has been regarded as a trilemma....

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of the marker placement on the correlation relationship between the motions of external markers and the internal target under different breathing patterns for several lung cancer patients. METHOD AND MATERIAL To monitor and record simultaneous motions of internal target and associated surrogate markers during respiratory gated radiotherapy, an infrared camera...

background: cholangiocarcinoma is an invasive biliary malignancy with poor prognosis. diagnostic accuracy of conventional methods is low which is mainly due to the specific anatomy of the disease. the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of biochemical profile and tumor marker of the bile in patients with malignant cholestasis compared to that of choledocholithiasis. methods: ...

introduction: about one third of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis (tb) and each year, about 1.5 to 2 million people die from tb. procalcitonin (pct) is an inflammatory marker that its level has variable materials and methods: this conducted on patients with pulmonary tb. data were collected using a check list. the serum level of pct was measured by elisa test at the beg...

with the tremendous expansion in the use of herbal medicine worldwide, safety and efficacy as well as quality control of herbal medicine have become important concerns for both health authority and public. in this paper, the analysis of two st. john's wort (hypericum perforatum) products and four liquorice (glycyrrhiza glabra) products by spectrophotometric and hplc methods, is explained. moreo...

DNA size markers (ladder) are essential tools in molecular biology, genetics and biotechnology. In this study, a simple and cost-effective method for laboratory production of DNA ladders is introduced. For this purpose, different sizes of 100 to 2000 bp DNA segments were designed using PCR technique. For producing 14 different gene fragments as DNA molecular weight markers, recombinant plasmid ...