abstract by using cross-section data which gathered through a survey research in mashhad ,contingent valuation approach and tobit model this study tries to determine economical value of air pollution and effective factors on wtp. based on contingent valuation approach, air pollution total value of airpollution in high-polluted region equals 7134146560 rials per month and in middle-polluted regi...

Agricultural support has changed substantially in both rich and poor countries recent years. In countries, there been a strong move to decoupled subsidies fall average rates of protection. developing market price remains the dominant form protection, have risen—breaking traditional pattern taxing agriculture. Emissions from agriculture land use change contributed up third total greenhouse gas e...

University students have an essential role in developing ecotourism services and supporting environmental education. The research aims to explore students' perceptions of the object tourism, group behavior travel problems tourist destinations. Surveys interviews were conducted on who a field study Coban Tengah tourism destination, Indonesia. Students Undergraduate (S1) Master’s (S2) programs in...

Buyers in the residential solar photovoltaic (PV) market are o‰en not fully informed about all competitors’ prices when making a purchase decision. Consumers’ lack of complete price information can incentivize sellers to charge higher markups, leading to less adoption. Large markups directly counteract public programs that subsidize solar PV. In this paper, I use proprietary data on consumers’ ...

Whether China continues its business-as-usual investment-driven, environment-polluting growth pattern or adopts an investment and innovation-driven, environmentally sustainable development holds important implications for both national and global environmental governance. Building on a Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans growth model that features endogenous technological change induced by R&D and knowledge s...

Enforcement is one of the greatest challenges in environmental policy-making. Even when policies are well-designed theoretically, they will not deliver the intended effects if the difficulties of enforcement are not explicitly incorporated in their design. Much of the rationale for the use of economic instruments is an attempt to economize on the informational requirements of policies and reduc...

This paper provides an empirical investigation of the factors that influence the appearance and success of voter referenda to raise public funds for open-space conservation. We take advantage of a data set that includes detailed information on all such referenda that occurred in the United States between 1998 and 2003. Combining these data with information from the U.S. Census and state-specifi...