Motor Disorder Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain damage is an important risk factor for disabilities in children. Brain damage from HI often causes a wide range of motor impairments such as those found in cerebral palsy and dystonia. It is also known that deficiency in brain tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) causes dystonia at birth. In a normal fetal rabbit model we have found that BH4 concentrati...

Sequential thymidine radiograms from rats injected on day El5 and killed thereafter at daily intervals up to day E22 were analyzed t o trace the migratory routes and settling patterns of neurons of the lateral reticular nucleus and the external cuneate nucleus. The neurons of the lateral reticular and external cuneate nuclei originate in the primary precerebellar neuroepithelium at the same sit...

Abs t rae t -Neurogenes i s in the rat olfactory tubercle and islands of Calleja was examined with [3H]thymidine autoradiography. Animals in the prenatal groups were the offspring of pregnant females given an injection of [3H]thymidine on two consecutive gestational days. Ten groups of embryos (E) were exposed to [3H]thymidine on E I2 -E I3 , E13-EI4 . . . . E21-E22, respectively. Three groups ...

We here present the nucleation and growth of calcium carbonate under the influence of synthetic peptides on topographically patterned poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates, which have a controlled density of defects between the wrinkles. Experiments with two lysine-rich peptides derived from the extracellular conserved domain E22 of the mollusc chitin synthase Ar-CS1, AKKKKKAS (AS8) and EEKK...

BACKGROUND A predictor of neonatal mortality in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is disrupted pulmonary vascular development, clinically expressed as pulmonary hypertension. OBJECTIVE To determine if prenatal corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors have a beneficial effect on pulmonary vascular development in CDH lungs. METHODS We induced CDH in fetal ra...

background: tamoxifen treatment induced cell death in the hippocampus formation of the prenatal and postnatal rat. the present study delineates the effect of tamoxifen on developing hippocampus in prenatal, postnatal and full term neonate rats received certain doses of the partial antagonist tamoxifen. methods: after perfusion and fixation, the brains were removed and processed for light and el...

This note derives the Golden Rule of capital accumulation in a Chakrabortytype economy, i.e. a two-period OLG economy where longevity is endogenous. It is shown that the capital per worker maximizing steady-state consumption per head is inferior to the Golden Rule capital level prevailing under exogenous longevity. We characterize also the Lifetime Golden Rule, that is, the capital per worker m...

A standard assumption of structural models of default is that firms assets evolve exogenously. In this paper, we document the importance of accounting for investment options in models of credit risk. In the presence of financing and investment frictions, firm-level variables which proxy for asset composition carry explanatory power for credit spreads beyond leverage. As a result, cross-sectiona...

The issue of whether government capital is productive has received a great deal of attention recently, yet empirical analyses of public capital productivity have generally been limited to the official capital stock estimates available in a small sample of countries. Alternatively, many researchers have investigated the output effects of public investment—recognizing that investment may be a poo...