This experiment was conducted to investigate dietary putrescine effects on broiler performance. Treatments were 6 levels of putrescine (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 & 0.05 %) added to a basal diet and fed to 4-32 day old broilers. The weekly growth performance was recorded, and ileal digesta and small intestine samples were collected at the end of the 2nd and 3rd week of age. At 21 d, body weight ...

The nucleotide sequence of one of the putrescine transport operons (pPT71), located at 16 min of the Escherichia coli chromosome, was determined. It contained the genes for an induced ornithine decarboxylase and a putrescine transport protein. The gene for the ornithine decarboxylase contained a 2,196-nucleotide open reading frame encoding a 732-amino acid protein whose calculated Mr was 82,414...

Enterococci are considered mainly responsible for the undesirable accumulation of the biogenic amines tyramine and putrescine in cheeses. The biosynthesis of tyramine and putrescine has been described as a species trait in Enterococcus faecalis. Tyramine is formed by the decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine, by the tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) route encoded in the tdc cluster. Putrescine ...

Gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) is metabolized to succinic semialdehyde by GABA aminotransferase (GABA-AT), and the succinic semialdehyde is subsequently oxidized to succinate by succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). In Escherichia coli, there are duplicate GABA-ATs (GabT and PuuE) and duplicate SSADHs (GabD and YneI). While GabT and GabD have been well studied previously, the characterizatio...

A multiplex PCR method, aimed at the detection of genes associated with biogenic amine production, identified the odc gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase in 1 of 15 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The ability of the positive strain, S. epidermidis 2015B, to produce putrescine in vitro was demonstrated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this strain, the odc gene was de...

Escherichia coli KK313, which was deficient in spermidine transport, was isolated by treatment of E. coli MA261 with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. E. coli NH1596, which was deficient in spermidine transport and has a 90% decreased putrescine transport activity, was obtained by a second treatment of E. coli KK313 with the same mutagen. Genes for polyamine transport systems were isolated ...

Lactococcus lactis is the lactic acid bacterial (LAB) species most widely used as a primary starter in the dairy industry. However, several strains of L. lactis produce the biogenic amine putrescine via the agmatine deiminase (AGDI) pathway. We previously reported the putrescine biosynthesis pathway in L. lactis subsp. cremoris GE2-14 to be regulated by carbon catabolic repression (CCR) via glu...

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is feedback regulated by polyamines. ODC antizyme mediates this process by forming a complex with ODC and enhancing its degradation. It has been reported that polyamines induce ODC antizyme and inhibit ODC activity. Since exogenous polyamines can be converted to each other after they are taken up into cells, we used an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylas...

Possible changes in the intracellular concentrations of polyamines were investigated during the apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells. Treatment of HL-60 cells with gallic acid and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) resulted in the rapid decline of the intracellular concentration of putrescine, whereas that of spermidine and spermine was not significantly changed during the first 3...

Reducing the concentration of polyamines (spermine, spermidine, and putrescine) in the body pool may slow the cancer process. Because dietary spermine, spermidine, and putrescine contribute to the body pool of polyamines, quantifying them in the diet is important. Limited information about polyamine content of food is available, especially for diets in the United States. This brief report descr...