BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new modality in the treatment of cancer. This study thus aims to examine whether the PDT is effective against in vivo hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS In vivo efficacy of PDT on hepatocellular carcinoma was tested in xenografted mice with human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Huh7) by utilizing a gold nanoparticles (GNPs) conjugate of new photo...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used in this work to obtain highly detailed spectra of artists’ red lake pigments and colorants. In the past, Raman spectroscopy has been successfully employed to identify many pigments and modern synthetic dyes. Unfortunately, red lake pigments and dyes commonly employed in artistic production from antiquity to the mid-nineteenth century are often...

This paper focuses on the first investigation of 19th-century manufacture red lake pigments obtained from madder by Winsor & Newton (W&N), prominent artists’ colourman at that time. The approach to their was carried out studying entries company’s book P1, found in W&N 19th Century Archive Database. Eleven production records were discovered under names such as Rose Madder, Madder Car...

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the effectiveness of Sarapin in prolonging the action of neural blockade with improved pain relief. DESIGN Prospective, continuous, double-blind trial including 500 consecutive patients undergoing either caudal epidural injections; cervical, thoracic, lumbosacral facet joint nerve blocks; and/or intercostal nerve blocks or a combination thereof. BACKGROUND Sarapin h...

Starting from pheophorbide a methyl ester (l), a degradation product of chlorophyll a, novel natural antioxidants of chlorophyll a related chlorins 3, 5(S), S(R), 8(R), 9-13 have been synthesized in high yields. Key steps involve formation of 5(R) and 5(S) via a DBU-promoted asymmetric hydroxylation of 3, and regioselective periodate oxidations of 5 to 8(R) and 9. Since photosynthetic organisms...

We assessed the effects of 41 potential chemopreventive agents in the F344 rat using the inhibition of carcinogen-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon as the measure of efficacy. ACF were induced by the carcinogen azoxymethane in F344 rats by two sequential weekly injections at a dose of 15 mg/kg. Two weeks after the last azoxymethane injection, animals were evaluated for the number o...

This report highlights the phytochemical analysis, antioxidant potential and anticancer activity against breast carcinoma of 70% methanolic extract of lichen, Parmotrema reticulatum (PRME). Phytochemical analysis of PRME confirms the presence of various phytoconstituents like alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, and ascorbic acid; among w...

Free radicals generated in system induce oxidative stress related diseases. Recent research is focused on plants and phytocompounds to avoid various side effects. The present study is aimed to evaluate the free radical scavenging potential along with phytochemical screening of the 70% methanolic extract of a lichen, Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale (ECME). ECME was tested for its in vitro tota...

Emodin (3-methyl-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone) is an active compound of many laxative herbal drugs. The present study aimed to determine the effects of emodin on cytochrome P450 (P450)-dependent monooxygenases of human lung adenocarcinoma CL5 cells. Treatment of CL5 cells with 100 microM emodin for 24 h induced benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylation, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation, and 7-ethoxycoumari...