The xanthones α-mangostin and γ-mangostin are the major bioactive compounds in Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) fruit extracts. Previously, we reported the pharmacokinetic properties of α-mangostin in rats. The purpose of this follow-up study was to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of α-mangostin and γ-mangostin in rats if administered as either a pure compound or as a component of a...

Is the recently found seepage groundwater on Mars pure H2O, or mixed with salts and other antifreeze compounds? Given the surface conditions of Mars, it is unlikely that pure water could either exist in its liquid state or have shaped Mars’ fluid erosional landforms (gullies, channels, and valley networks). More likely is that Mars’ seepage groundwater contains antifreeze and salt compounds tha...

INTRODUCTION Glycerin (VG) and propylene glycol (PG) are the most common nicotine solvents used in e-cigarettes (ECs). It has been shown that at high temperatures both VG and PG undergo decomposition to low molecular carbonyl compounds, including the carcinogens formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. The aim of this study was to evaluate how various product characteristics, including nicotine solvent a...

cyanobacteria have been considered due to producuction of types of secondary metabolites and antimicrobial compounds. this research designated for optimization of bg11 culture medium to increase the antifungal activity of cyanobacterium sp. pgu1 against the plant pathogenic fungi, fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici and rhizoctonia solaniag2-2-iiib. cyanobacterium was isolated from the persian...

background: alpinia galanga l. belonging to the family zingiberaceae is widely grown in the state of kerala, india. they are effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger under both in vitro and in vivo condition. the efficacy of the isolated flavonoids in conferring protection from radiation induced damages to genomic dna was studied. materials and methods: the bioflavonoids, galangin and k...

A series of new enantiomerically pure and racemic 1,3-dioxolanes 1-8 was synthesized in good yields and short reaction times by the reaction of salicylaldehyde with commercially available diols using a catalytic amount of Mont K10. Elemental analysis and spectroscopic characterization established the structure of all the newly synthesized compounds. These compounds were tested for their possibl...

Marine algae are significant ingredients to formulate drugs for treating disease as they possess various bioactive potentials. This review expansively compares the antiinflammatory compounds from different marine algae. The anti-inflammatory effects of several different crude extracts and pure compounds of algae have been evaluated.Natural products from marine algae have potential resources in ...

A new, general method is developed for preparation of various 3-substituted carbonyl compounds of very high optical purity. Application of this method is made to asymmetric synthesis of either enantiomer of 3—methylalkanoic acids, of optically pure 3-methylcyclopentanone, 3—methylcyclohexanone, 3-naphthylcyclopentanone and 3-vinylcyclopentanone j. 9,11-Seco steroid and steroid intermediate are ...