The major causes of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children are congenital heart defect (CHD) and PH associated with prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PAH associated with genetic mutations are also known to manifest in the pediatric age group. This review will mainly discuss the problems en...

UNLABELLED Compared with adult patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), pulmonary vascular disease is characterized by complex heterogeneity in pediatric patients. The Nice PH classification does not completely characterize or individualize any subgroup of pediatric PH. This is in contrast to the Panama classification, in which prenatal and fetal origins of many pulmonary vascular diseases in...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial remodeling characterized by increased vascular smooth muscle proliferation is commonly seen in life-threatening disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Clinical studies have suggested a correlation between osteoprotegerin serum levels and PAH severity. Here, we aimed to invhestigate vascular osteoprotegerin expression and its effects on pulmonary arterial s...

The emergence of more effective methods for treatment pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has called reliable diagnostics, monitoring, and evaluating responses to the treatment. More reports have become available about relevance using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination patients with PAH. This review provides data on significance MRI noninvasive evaluation heart structure function in...

ulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 25 mmHg at rest detected by right heart catheterization (RHC),1,2 is a fatal disease caused by small pulmonary artery obstruction as a result of vascular proliferation and remodeling.3,4 PAH is characterized by markedly elevated pulmonary artery pressure and increased pulmonary vascular resistance (...

conclusions ipah is associated with subclinical hypothyroidism and low patient functional capacity, and is more common in rv failure. results in this research, 84.8% of the participants were women. the mean pap was 51.6 mmhg (31-87) and mean thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) level was 4.2 miu/ml (0.7 - 10). subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 26 patients (49.1%). there were significant c...

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Background. Increased pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to an increased afterload of right heart and cardiac remodeling which could provide the substrate or trigger for arrhythmias. Supraventricular arrhythmias were associated with clinical deterioration but were not associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). SCD has been reported to account for a...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by elevation of mean pulmonary artery pressure to values conceivably approaching those seen in the systemic vascular bed. This occurrence is associated with a poor prognosis. PAH may result from a variety of causes, some of which are related to pharmacotherapy. Herein, we present a case of a 39-year-old female patient with relapsing-remitti...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by elevation of pulmonary artery pressure caused by pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, which leads to right heart failure and death. Epoprostenol (prostaglandin I2) has a potent short-acting vasodilator property, and intravenous continuous epoprostenol is therefore used for treatment of PAH. Here we review evidence for the ...