Andrew R. Wade, Kirk McKenzie, Yanbei Chen, Daniel A. Shaddock, Jong H. Chow, and David E. McClelland Centre for Gravitational Physics, Department of Quantum Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA Theoretical Astrophysics 350-17, Califor...

1 Plant and microbial nitrogen (N) dynamics were examined in soils of an Arctic salt marsh beneath goose-grazed swards and in degraded soils. The degraded soils are the outcome of intensive destructive foraging by geese, which results in vegetation loss and near-irreversible changes in soil properties. The objective of the study was to determine whether vegetation loss led to a decline in micro...

edge distance-balanced graphs are graphs in which for every edge $e = uv$ the number of edges closer to vertex $u$ than to vertex $v$ is equal to the number of edges closer to $v$ than to $u$. in this paper, we study this property under some graph operations.

We conducted a biogeographic analysis of the PPAM clade Poeae Plastid DNA Group 2, which includes 12 subtribes C3 grasses. One hundred and eighty-four species sampled represent 42 43 accepted genera taxonomic diversity in large genera. analyzed plastid sequences matK, trnC-rpoB, trnT-trnL-trnF using BEAST to produce dated tree MrBayes Bayesian tree, on we ran Bayesian-Binary-Markov-Chain analys...

the emph{harary index} $h(g)$ of a connected graph $g$ is defined as $h(g)=sum_{u,vin v(g)}frac{1}{d_g(u,v)}$ where $d_g(u,v)$ is the distance between vertices $u$ and $v$ of $g$. the steiner distance in a graph, introduced by chartrand et al. in 1989, is a natural generalization of the concept of classical graph distance. for a connected graph $g$ of order at least $2$ and $ssubseteq v(g)$, th...

dna barcoding based on a standardized region of 648 base pairs of mitochondrial dnasequences from cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) is proposed for animal species identification.recent studies suggested that dna barcoding has been effective for identifying 94% of birdspecies. the proposed threshold of 10 times the average intraspecific variation could be used forthe identification and delimitation ...