today, the route for economic development in most countries is the same as international open competitive economy. economic institutes well known that supportive public economy belonged on the past and they may compete in the global economy. it is obvious that if they have no competitive potency or not familiar with competition technique, they may be devastated. banking system aims to collect t...

diderot est un auteur satirique qui cherche à trouver les qualités et les défauts de la société où les hommes sont susceptibles de modifier leurs caractéristiques dans la mesure du possible. il connaît bien sa société, et est en contact avec les autres. au xviiième siècle on croise la naissance dune nouvelle vague de philosophes quon appelle les lumières. ceux-ci sont à lorigine de nouvelles id...

abstract global financial crisis has created too many problems in relations among governments. among these problems, the issue of global monetary management, more than every time in the past four decades, has been moved in the center of international economic attentions. a problem which is specially known with the monetary hostility between united states and public republic of china. where ar...