Observed on a 5 x 5 cm small surface of litter in a 35-years-old Scots pine stand with bracken and the moss Pseudoscleropodium purum, the F1 layer is extensively invaded by a mycelial mat made of several mycorrhizal fungi. Observations under a light microscope gave circumstantial evidence of the role of these fungi in advanced stages of decomposition: they seem to protect the partly decayed pla...

Pteridium aquilinum is a problematic, perennial, invasive species worldwide that poses serious problems in the British uplands. However, there lack of knowledge on long-term success terms weed control and land improvement. We assessed effects six P. aquilinum-control treatments at two acid-grassland sites Scottish Borders (Sourhope 1 & 2). There were treatments: (i) untreated, (ii) cutting once...

Abstract Background Free-range pig farming represents a minor proportion of production in France but is attracting an increasing number farmers because societal expectations and the opportunity to use pasture-grazed forage. However, this type faces several challenges, including biosecurity, parasitic management, contact with wild fauna pathogenic flora. Case presentation Two Gascon pigs raised ...

BACKGROUND The ethnobotany of Tibetans is a seriously under-studied topic. The aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and use of wild food plants in a valley inhabited by Tibetans in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Region. METHODS The field research was carried out in a wooded mountain valley in 9 neighbouring villages the Zhouqu (Brugchu) county, and comprised 17 interviews with single ...