Although the Japanese water sector is economically and socially important, few empirical studies are available to help analysts and policy-makers understand the performance patterns in the industry. This study applies data envelopment analysis to 5,538 observations of 1,144 utilities that supplied drinking water between 2004 and 2007. With a comprehensive census of utilities, the present study ...

In Bangladesh, approximately 30-40 million people have been chronically exposed to high concentrations of naturally occurring arsenic (As) in drinking water, supplied by approximately 10 million tube wells. Aside from carcinogenic and vascular effects, the literature contains reports of neurologic consequences of acute and chronic exposure in adults, although the dosimetry is poorly described. ...

QUESTION Many of my patients are from Southeast Asia where hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is quite common. What precautions can I suggest they take before traveling to these areas and what is the risk of contracting HEV during pregnancy? ANSWER Hepatitis E is a water-borne pathogen transmitted by the fecal-oral route. To reduce the risk of contracting HEV while traveling to endemic areas, ...

Effective point-of-use devices for providing safe drinking water are urgently needed to reduce the global burden of waterborne disease. Here we show that plant xylem from the sapwood of coniferous trees--a readily available, inexpensive, biodegradable, and disposable material--can remove bacteria from water by simple pressure-driven filtration. Approximately 3 cm(3) of sapwood can filter water ...

The enormous role of water in the life all living beings, including humans, is due to fact that it a universal solvent for huge number chemicals. Water was one first compounds attract attention scientists, yet its study still incomplete. basis and raw material technologies industries. used technological process food industry must comply with hygienic requirements and, addition cleaning, reducin...

BANGLADESH, WITH AN estimated population of about 111 million, is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. In a predominantly rural economy, with a per capita income of US$ 220 about 48 per cent of rural and 44 per cent of the urban population live below the poverty line defined as 2122 calorie intake per person. Average households spend 59 per cent of their income on food, yet...

The article is devoted to the scientific and theoretical analysis of current state legal provision drinking water quality in rural areas. It was stated that recent years there has been a steady trend deteriorating used for areas, including due increasing levels nitrate pollution. Proposals have made for: further implementation Council Directive 98/83 / EU on intended human consumption 91/676/ E...

Abstract Chemical analysis results of some spring waters Gallaorol district was described, located in Jizzakh region Uzbekistan. The coordination indicators water resources were identified for creating map. All laboratory checked and analyzed by national standards. physical springs fully answered criteria, but NO3- is slightly higher than the requirement standard Spring No. 21 24 (Spring – 48.8...