The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was fused to the potato virus X (PVX) TGBp2 gene, inserted into either the PVX infectious clone or pRTL2 plasmids, and used to study protein subcellular targeting. In protoplasts and plants inoculated with PVX-GFP:TGBp2 or transfected with pRTL2-GFP:TGBp2, fluorescence was mainly in vesicles and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). During late stages of virus...

Shockman, Gerald D. (Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa.) and J. Oliver Lampen. Inhibition by antibiotics of the growth of bacterial and yeast protoplasts. J. Bacteriol. 84:508-512. 1962.-The characteristics and requirements for growth of bacterial (Streptococcus faecalis) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) protoplasts were established and the effect of a variety of antiba...

Abundant microtubules (MTs) were present both in protoplasts isolated from tobacco BY-2 cells and on membrane ghosts prepared from such protoplasts. However, only a few MTs or none at all were observed on membrane ghosts prepared from protoplasts pretreated with protease, trypsin or chymotrypsin, although abundant MTs were present in protease-pretreated protoplasts. These observations suggest t...

A plasmalemma-bound NADH oxidation system (Lin 1982 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 3773-3776) in corn root protoplasts was isolated by a mild treatment of intact protoplasts with trypsin. The majority of NADH stimulated O(2) consumption activity of the protoplasts could be recovered in the supernatant isolated from the intact protoplasts which have been treated with trypsin. The activation energy o...

A procedure was developed for the formation and regeneration of protoplasts in Clostridium tertium. Although in the parent strain most of the protoplasts gave rise to L-form colonies, derivatives could be isolated which exhibited high regeneration frequencies.

The response of maize (Zea mays L.) protoplasts to high temperature stress was investigated. After isolation and electroporation, protoplasts were preincubated for 12 hours at 26 degrees C then incubated for 6 hours at elevated temperatures. The pattern of polypeptides synthesized by these protoplasts during the last hour was monitored by in vivo labeling with (35)S-methionine. Incubation at 40...

In this study, the uptake of Na+ into the cytosol of rice (Oryza sativa L. cvs Pokkali and BRRI Dhan29) protoplasts was measured using the acetoxy methyl ester of the fluorescent sodium-binding benzofuran isopthalate, SBFI-AM, and fluorescence microscopy. By means of inhibitor analyses the mechanisms for uptake and sequestration of Na+ in the salt-sensitive indica rice cv. BRRI Dhan29 and in th...

Protoplasts, Soybean Cell Suspension Cultures, Phytoalexin Production, Phytophthora megasperm a f. sp. glycinea, Glucan Elicitor Protoplasts isolated enzymatically from suspension-cultured cells of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr., cv. Harosoy 63) were used to study the production of the isoflavonoid-derived phytoale­ xin, glyceollin. A large enhancement in the in vivo rates of synthesis and catal...

Isolates of the Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), are populations of disparate genotypes and defective RNAs developed during long periods of vegetative propagation of citrus trees. Because it has not been possible to obtain pure cultures of the virus, it is not known what components of the population are primarily responsible for induction of diseases. We previously developed an infec...

1. Introduction Direct introduction of DNA into plant protoplasts facilitates a rapid analysis of transient gene expression, as well as the generation of stably transformed transgenic plants. Transient gene expression assays performed after DNA transformation permit a comparative analysis of cisacting regulatory sequences and their function in transcriptional control of plant genes by signaling...