sepsis as the host responsive syndrome is one of the main concerning issues and costly disease on intensive care unit (icu) in the 21st century. epidemiological studies have showed that mortality rates of sepsis in icu and hospitals among 37 countries were 39.2% and 49.6% respectively [1].  complicated nature of sepsis is still not well understood and this makes it hard to treat and manage. acc...

Protein kinase cascades feature in many signal transduction pathways. For those discussed here, a single upstream protein kinase appears to be responsible for the control of multiple downstream targets. So how is specificity introduced into these events? For the downstream kinases (substrates) described here, it would appear that specificity is determined by substrate-directed events that are p...