Proteomics research has elucidated many new biomarkers that have the potential to greatly improve disease diagnosis. Electrical biosensors can be extremely sensitive and can be modified to function as protein detectors, meeting the improved performance parameters requirements. We employ the protein specific capacitance measurement method as the basis for protein biomarker detection. We have dem...

The identification of biomarkers and their interaction network involved in the processes of endometriosis is a critical step in understanding the underlying mechanisms of the disease. The aim of the present study was to construct biomarker networks of endometriosis that integrated human protein-protein interactions and known disease-causing genes. Endometriosis-associated genes were extracted f...

Protein biomarkers observed in the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectra (MALDI-TOF-MS) of cell lysates of three strains of Campylobacter coli, two strains of C. lari and one strain of C. concisus have been identified by 'bottom-up' proteomic techniques. The significant findings are as follows. First, the protein biomarkers identified were: PhnA-related protein...

The success of microarrays for analyzing nucleic acid and, more recently, protein-protein interactions illustrates the advantages of bioassay miniaturization. However, the current level of miniaturization of useful bioanalytical tools still creates limits in terms of breadth of application. For example, analyses of picoliter sample volumes containing protein analytes that cannot be amplified or...

In cancer cells, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is secreted into the conditioned medium. This PKA, designated as extracellular protein kinase A (ECPKA), is markedly up-regulated in the sera of patients with cancer. The currently available tumor markers are based on the antigen determination method and lack specificity and sensitivity. Here, we present an ECPKA autoantibody detection ...

Thymidylate synthase (TS) expression in colorectal cancer metastases has been shown to predict for the clinical response to 5-fluorouracil. Because primary tumors may easily provide accessible sources of tissue for marker analysis, we have investigated the stability of TS expression between primary colorectal cancer and the corresponding distant metastases and compared their relative ability to...

The application of protein biomarkers as an aid for the detection and treatment of diseases has been subject to intensified interest in recent years. The quantitative assaying of protein biomarkers in easily obtainable biological fluids such as serum and urine offers the opportunity to improve patient care via earlier and more accurate diagnoses in a convenient, non-invasive manner as well as p...