نتایج جستجو برای: proinsulin
تعداد نتایج: 1463 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Programmed cell death is an essential, highly regulated process in neural development. Although the role of insulin-like growth factor I in supporting the survival of neural cells has been well characterized, studies on proinsulin/insulin are scarce. Here, we characterize proinsulin/insulin effects on cell death in embryonic day 15.5 mouse retina. Both proinsulin mRNA and proinsulin/insulin imm...
AIMS To test the hypothesis that alterations in acid base or calcium concentration may affect proinsulin processing or the insulin secretion mechanism. METHODS Changes in proinsulin secretion or cleavage were assessed by measuring serum intact proinsulin and immunoreactive insulin concentrations in three models of acid base and calcium disturbance: (1) subacute changes in acid base status in ...
In the mouse, insulin is produced from two similar but nonallelic genes that encode proinsulins I and II. We have investigated expression of these two genes during mouse embryonic development, using a PCR to detect the two gene transcripts and immunocytochemistry to visualize the two corresponding proteins. At appearance of the dorsal pancreatic anlage at day 9.5 of gestation, both mRNAs could ...
The Jagn1 protein was indentified in a SILAC proteomic screen of proteins that are increased in insulinoma cells expressing a folding-deficient proinsulin. Jagn1 mRNA was detected in primary rodent islets and in insulinoma cell lines and the levels were increased in response to ER stress. The function of Jagn1 was assessed in insulinoma cells by both knock-down and overexpression approaches. Kn...
BACKGROUND High IGFBP-1 in elderly subjects is related to all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality. We studied the relation of IGFBP-1 to cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, and also the impact of proinsulin and insulin on this association in an unselected elderly primary health care population. HYPOTHESIS Our hypothesis was that proinsulin and insulin ...
Proinsulin is converted to insulin in an impure secretion granule fraction prepared from rat islets of Langerhans that have been labeled before homogenization with [3H]leucine or [aH]arginine. During incubation of this particulate fraction at pH 6.3 and 37”, the initial rate of conversion of the endogenous labeled proinsulin is similar to that observed in whole islets, while externally added la...
AIMS Hyperproinsulinaemia is associated with obesity and is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. We explored the dynamics of proinsulin and insulin and postprandial effects on glucose and lipids in subjects who had undergone gastric bypass (GBP) surgery compared with morbidly obese (MO) subjects and normal weight control subjects (NW). METHODS Subjects free from diabetes were recruited: 10 prev...
The removal of bovine proinsulin by the isolated perfused rat liver has been studied and the results compared with the removal of insulin. At high concentrations of insulin (> 180 ng/ml) the removal process was saturated and the t(1/2) varied between 35 and 56 min. With low initial insulin levels the disappearance followed first-order kinetics, the mean regression coefficient being - 0.022, t(1...
A recent type 1 diabetes (T1D) clinical trial of rituximab (a B cell-depleting anti-CD20 antibody) achieved some therapeutic benefit in preserving C-peptide for a period of approximately nine months in patients with recently diagnosed diabetes. Our previous data in the NOD mouse demonstrated that co-administration of antigen (insulin) with anti-CD3 antibody (a T cell-directed immunomodulator) o...
OBJECTIVE Proinsulin is a precursor of mature insulin and C-peptide. Higher circulating proinsulin levels are associated with impaired β-cell function, raised glucose levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies of the insulin processing pathway could provide new insights about T2D pathophysiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We have conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide ...
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