Bacterial cellulose is a biological polymer with a variety of extraordinary properties which make it a functional material for different industrial fields. This work aimed at monitoring the effects of three different organic acids and nanoparticles on the production, water holding capacity and structural characteristics of bacterial cellulose. Different concentrations of organic acids and nanop...

In this paper the Malmquist index of total factor productivity is applied to a sample of 87 countries observed over the period 1960-90. This index and the method needed to quantify it, the data envelopment analysis, has substantial advantages as compared to traditional growth accounting. Two of these advantages are that it does not rely on questionable equilibrium assumptions to merge multiple ...

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to suggest a novel method to measure the productivity changes of hospitals over time in the presence of linguistic variables along with fuzzy data. Methods: Applying the popular and applicable approaches including data envelopment analysis (DEA), Malmquist productivity index (MPI) and possibilistic progra...

Wheat and barley are the main crops in Iran and has multiple uses. Research suggests that subsistence food crops such as wheat and barley has a special place in low-income countries. However, to achieve maximum efficiency for a sustainable agriculture must be able to obtain agricultural inputs such as land. Kerman province is one of the provinces with high production of these products. Accordin...

Of the several mechanisms that can bring about efficient resource use, the most widelyapplicable one is intercropping systems that can make better use of resources. The aim of thisstudy was to evaluate resource capture and resource use efficiency in transgenic cotton-peanutintercropping system and in their respective sole crops with using 25-50% substitution ofrecommended dose of nitrogen (RDN)...

A recent note by Merrilees [15] concludes that Divisia index numbers as employed in our studies of productivity change [ l l , 141 represent a new perspective on the analysis of productivity. Merrilees concludes further that Divisia index numbers are appropriate for the explanation of productivity change, but that they should not be used for measurement. In this note we examine and reject both ...

one of the import indices of food security evaluation is food import capacity index. ratio of total exports to food imports is often thought to be a measure of the capacity of a country to finance its food imports using revenues from exports of goods and services. this study investigates food import capacity effects on rural households food security by calculated ahfci (aggregate household food...

This paper presents a single unified framework that integrates the theoretical literature on Schumpeterian endogenous growth and major strands of the empirical literature on R&D, productivity growth and productivity convergence. Starting from a structural model of endogenous growth following Aghion and Howitt (1992, 1998), we provide microeconomic foundations for the reduced-form equations for ...

introduction: the growth of agricultural production and natural resources are from primary objectives of any political system, because this section has a vital role in providing food security. according to the production theories, production growth will come from two sources; more use of production factors within the framework of existing technologies and second, with using more advanced and mo...