The main questions which the literature on rule production by agencies and bureaucracies deals with are: To what extent should legislators delegate rule making to bureaucracy? How can procedural rules curb an agency’s discretion in making substantive rules? Do legislators select bureaucratic decisions for oversight randomly or on the basis of complaints? Who exactly controls bureaucracy: some a...

The paper presents a brief analysis of the procedural approach towards constructing liberal political conceptions justice and democracy. Treatment J. Rawls’s evolution shows negative consequences abandoning external substantive criteria for theory evaluation, including efficiency, justification, truth. It also offers justification “epistemic turn” in contemporary theory. return classical episte...

recently we faced with a scientific journal, named ``journal of environmental & technology''. although the most content of this journal had scientific and technical aspect relating to environment, the subject of the last article in this issue (no. 26, 1384) was on international environmental law. off course the tittle of the article which was ``progressive development of international...

This article considers the problem of questionable consent in contracts employment. We suggest that context employment, should be understood as a continuum includes some level coercion and choice. show despite labour law's assumption inequality bargaining power, is still legally valid various contexts propose solutions: procedural rules increasing chance free informed consent, substantive stand...

This paper introduces two models on procedures and safety and assesses the practical consequences these have for organizations trying to make progress on safety through procedures. The application of procedures is contrasted as rote rule following versus substantive cognitive activity. It reveals a fundamental double bind: operators can fail to adapt procedures when adapting proved necessary, o...

ECO Update is a Bulletin series on ecological risk assessment of Superfund sites. These Bulletins serve as supplements to Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume II: Environmental Evaluation Manual (EPA/540-1-89/001). The information presented is intended to provide technical information to EPA and other government employees. It does not constitute rulemaking by the Agency, and may not b...

Many decision support tools have been developed over the last 20 years and, in general, they support what Simon termed substantive rationality. However, such tools are rarely suited to helping people tackle wicked problems, for which a form of procedural rationality is better suited. Procedurally rational approaches have appeared in both management science and computer science, examples being t...

Many decision support tools have been developed over the last 20 years and, in general, they support what Simon termed substantive rationality. However, such tools are rarely suited to helping people tackle wicked problems, for which a form of procedural rationality is better suited. Procedurally rational approaches have appeared in both management science and computer science, examples being t...