The present study aims to evaluate the topical anti-inflammatory activity of "Pinda thailam", a herbal gel formulation containing aqueous extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia (Rubiaceae) and Hemidesmus indicus (Asclepiadaceae) which are known for their anti-inflammatory activity using the technique of carrageenin induced paw oedema in albino rats. The herbal gel formulation showed significant a...

Bigels are unique two-phase systems that have recently been presented as a structured method for active ingredient application. The purposes of the current study were to develop and characterize bigel formulations containing loxoprofen. They benefits both hydrogel organo-gel. In order enhance penetration, pluronic lecithin was added form organo-gel, HPMC hydrogel, which properly hydrates stratu...

The probiotic industry faces the challenge of retention of probiotic culture viability as numbers of these cells within their products inevitably decrease over time. In order to retain probiotic viability levels above the therapeutic minimum over the duration of the product's shelf life, various methods have been employed, among which encapsulation has received much interest. In line with explo...

Objectives: This study aims to improve and expand the performance of carboxy methyl mung bean starch (CMMS) as a gelling agent and an oil-inwater (o/w) emulsion stabilizer via cross-linking reaction with dichloroacetic acid (DCA). Methods: Mung bean starch was carboxymethylated with chloroacetic acid and subsequently cross-linked with 0.1-10% DCA. Fifteen cross-linked carboxy methyl mung bean s...

Borneol is a bicyclic monoterpenoid alcohol commonly used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine. It is extracted from the essential oil of various medicinal plants. It has antibacterial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory action proven in studies that used oral and intraperitoneal applications of this monoterpene in mice. The current study was designed to develop a topical gel formulation co...

Due to the fact that probiotic cells need to be alive when they are consumed, culture-based analysis (plate count) is critical in ascertaining the quality (numbers of viable cells) of probiotic products. Since probiotic cells are typically stressed, due to various factors related to their production, processing and formulation, the standard methodology for total plate counts tends to underestim...

Purpose: To develop a safe mucoadhesive gel for nasal drug delivery using okra polysaccharide. Methods: Rizatriptan benzoate nasal gel was developed using natural polysaccharide obtained from the Abelmoschus esculentus. The gel formulation was characterized for pH, viscosity, mucoadhesion, and in vitro permeation. Permeation parameters obtained include drug flux (j), permeation coefficient (kP)...

Accurate enumeration of bacterial count in probiotic formulation is imperative to ensure that the product adheres to regulatory standards and citation in consumer product label. Standard methods like plate count, can enumerate only replicating bacterial population under selected culture conditions. Viable but non culturable bacteria (VBNC) retain characteristics of living cells and can regain c...